| As the international oil price fluctuations, LNG as a kind of efficient and clean energy has drawn wide attention. Some of the energy consuming country gradually increase the introduction of the LNG. According to the BP statistical review of world energy 2014. The LNG trade volume of the world is 235.3 billion cubic meters, and Chinese LNG imports amounted to 24.5 billion cubic meters of the total, increasing 22.5% over 2012. At present, China has become a third-largest LNG importer after Japan, South Korea. LNG imports is still an important way to meet our energy needs, LNG marine transportation business will also usher in rapid development period.With the rapid development of LNG marine transportation business, the hazard of LNG leakage is also gradually revealed. The consequences of LNG spill in maritime transport is very serious, and it is difficult to estimate the losses of casualties and property caused by spill. Mastering the hazard of LNG shipping leakage is conducive to ensuring the security of sea transport of LNG, reducing the accident probability and lowering economic loss. Chinese LNG import has just started and research on the LNG shipping is relatively small. In order to facilitate people to have a comprehensive understanding about the hazards of LNG shipping leakage. This paper will give a detailed study. Firstly, this paper analyses the LNG leak source and surrounding environment which has an influence on the hazard of LNG leakage. And give the estimation methods about the amount of LNG leakage.Secondly, Study from three aspects of physical, chemical and biological hazards were produced after the LNG leakage. Clarify the causes, generation mechanism and hazard of all the hazards, according to the degree of injury hazard range was divided by introducing the pool fire, BLEVE fireball and vapor cloud explosion damage model, and given the damage area estimation method which provide a reference to quickly determine the scope of LNG leaked hazards.Finally, summarize the causes of the LNG leakage accident in maritime transportation by referencing the 50-year accident data Since LNG shipping. Found the potential source of leakage accident by using risk identification. And conduct a semi quantitative risk analysis of LNG maritime transportation by using risk matrix evaluation methods. It provided a reference and experience to prevent LNG leakage accidents. |
