A Comprehensive Study Of The Spatial Distribution Of Rural Settlements Of The Zhongxian In Chongqing

As the Three Gorges Project is completed, the subsequent development of areaeconomy is still the focus of attention from all walks of life. Settlement development inThree Gorges Reservior has a long history, in recent years, under the attention broughtby the Three Gorges Project Resettlement and Reconstruction, the rural issues, urbanand rural, new rural construction, land remediation and other issues, who is related tothe rural settlements has become a hot academic research.The main object of this study is the spatial distribution of rural settlements and itsinfluencing factors in Zhongxian. It’s difficult to study the whole area, for theimpossible to obtain the large scope of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and the widespreaddistribution of rural settlements, a large area data and image data. To improve theaccuracy of research and meet the needs of the study, the paper selecte Zhongxian as anexample to research, who is the typical hilly hinterland areas of the Three GorgesReservoir area. Considering topography, industry structure, history, etc. this paper selectthe inundated areas significant immigrant township—Shibao town, Tujing town as thestudy sample for space analysis who is located in the northeast of Zhongxian.This article includes four parts of the research: First, it clear and definite thedevelopment foundation of the Zhongxian’s rural settlements from natural ecology,economic development, social and cultural aspects of these three; Secondly, it dividesthe types of rural settlements in Zhongxian area simply and analyzes the factors; Thirdly,it uses GIS technology, combines with landscape analysis methods for qualitativeanalysis and quantitative research, it focus on the Shibao town, Tujing town ofZhongxian as the important analysis object, it systemly analysis the study of the spatialdistribution of rural settlements and its influencing factors; Finally, it is proposed themain problems of spatial distribution of Zhongxian rural settlements. Through this study,it is worked out the following main conclusions:(1)The rural settlements in study area is distributed sparsely and scattered. There isa large number of small settlements in the study area. The rural settlements in Shibaoand Tujing towns are sparsely scattered, it is densely distributed in the eastern region ofspace, western and southwestern is sparsely distributed, moreover, the rural settlements in Shibao town is closed than Tujing town.(2)In study area, the rural settlements’ spatial difference is significant. The densityof patches of rural settlements in Tujing and Shibao town is uneven, there is an obvioushigh-density areas and sparse distribution areas. Generally, the spatial distributionpattern of the study areas’ is: the north and east is dense, and the South and west issparse, the road intersection area is dense, the area who is near to the town center isintensive. This distribution feature is closely related to the natural and geographicalconditions (rivers, roads, elevation, slope) and the social economic development in thestudy areas.(3)The development of rural settlements in the study area is in the initial stage ofspatial evolution. The elevation scope of the study areas is110-998m, the region’stopography is mainly mountainous and hilly, it lacks large settlements. The number ofsmall villages and scattered households is too large, but the scale level is not obvious,while the number of medium-sized settlements is relatively limited, so the ruralsettlements belong to a lower form of spatial evolution stage.(4)In the study area, the spatial distribution of rural settlements has significantrivers and roads directivity. Rural settlements in the study area farther away from rivers,roads, fewer number of plaque distribution. In Tujing and Shibao town, close to theriver1.5km,200m road is the main area within the layout of rural settlements, with thefarther away from rivers and roads, the number and the proportion of plaques shows adecreasing trend of rural settlements in the buffer areas.(5) Rural settlements in the study area increased with elevation and slope, and it issignificantly skewed normal distribution. Grading the elevation and slope of the studyarea, and overlay analysis the rural settlement plaque, it is showed that the ruralsettlements in Shibao and Tujing towns mainly concentrated in low altitude and theslope range of arable (below600m sea level and less than25°slope region). This paperuses the attribute data to conduct its line chart, it can be visually seen that the ruralsettlements is significantly skewed normal distribution with increase of the elevationand slope.Based on the above conclusions and thought the overall development of the region,This paper summarizes the main issues of Zhongxian for its spatial distribution of ruralsettlements and the spatial distribution of Zhongxian rural settlements. Thus, the methodcan be extended to study other areas of the country, which is important to the study of the spatial distribution of regional development and rural settlements promotingcoordinated regional development.