Southern County Economic Development

County, as an important geographical unit of the national economy, is related to the coordinated economic development of the region and national harmony and stability.Since the16th National People Congress for the first time explicitly put forward "strengthening county economy is the major task of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way", the first session of the tenth National People’s Congress,the third plenary session of the sixteenth congress, the national rural work, the second session of the tenth National People’s Congress and the central file no.1have all given the related statement.At the same time,those congresses and meetings combine the county economy with the development of the agricultural product processing industry, the development of small and medium-sized towns, expanding employment, increasing farmers’income and building a well-off society in an all-round way, etc, enriching the connotation of county economy constantly. Many provinces and regions also attach great importance to the development of county economy and specifically make related documents to accelerate the county economic development. In academia, the county economy has become the hot issue of economic geography, regional economics and other related disciplines. Thus, strengthening county economy has caused wide public concern. As an important area in Shaanxi province, Southern Shaanxi’s economic development is directly related to the coordinated economic development of the entire province. Therefore, this article explores the law of development,analysises factors and discusses some effective measures in view of the county economy. The implementation has important practical significance to the county economy of Southern Shaanxi and has important realistic significance to the coordinated development of Shaanxi province.This paper bases on economics, geography and related discipline theory as the instruction, takes the economic development of the28counties (districts) in southern shaanxi’s as the research object, analysises from the three dimensions including the time space evolution, the related comparison and space change,analysises in depth the process of the county economic development,comprehensively concludes the economic evolution trend and spatial pattern characteristics of the28counties (districts) in southern shaanxi between1999and2010,then discusses the basic causes of the development of county development in southern shaanxi.On the basis of this,this paper puts forward to the feasible countermeasures to promote county economic development in southern shaanxi. The main conclusions include: (1) The economy expands year by year and the industrial structure optimizes constantly. From the point of the economic aggregate, county economy continues to expand from1999to2011; From the point of development phase, the economy grows slowly from1999to2005,while rapidly from2006to2011.From the point of average annual growth rate, southern shaanxi has1.75percent lower than the whole province; From the point of the industrial structure, the first industry declines year by year, the second industry rises by slow fluctuation characteristic, the proportion of the third industry grows evidently and economic structure has a certain optimization.(2)The difference between the counties shows a trend of expansion and the economic development is not balanced.The absolute difference expands continuously, but the variation of county economic gap between the poorer and the more advanced counties reduces slightly, while the shrinking of the internal gap is not obvious; There exists difference in terms of the development speed of the counties. From the point of the industrial structure,compared with1999,the county’s industrial structure of2010has a certain of optimization.In terms of comprehensive economic level score, Hantai,Hanbin and Shangzhou has been on a high level;In addition to Nanzheng, Chenggu,Mianxian,Lueyang and Xunyang, most of the rest of the counties (districts)’s comprehensive score is below0, which indicates that the overall economic development in southern shaanxi is relatively backward and exists serious imbalance.(3) Through the clustering analysis and the combining with the characteristic of the counties (districts)’s development,the paper gets the conclusion that the28counties (districts) may be divided into four types:the first class can be called "the second and the third industries developing well type".The development of the two industries owns high quality.The second class can be called" Location advantage standing out type".Those counties are led by the central cities strongly and the national economy system taking the second industry as the leading industry formates preliminarily. The third class can be called "characteristic resource enriching type", the resource advantage is to be converted into economic advantage; the fourth class can be called "traditional agriculture leading type".Those counties’development lags behind and they are all at the edge of the area in southern shaanxi.(4) The degree of the counties’ economic spatial correlation is decreasing year by year. The Moran’s I statistic of per capita GDP shows a trend of decreasing in the volatility from1999to2010, the Moran’s I statistic of overall economic development level score also fall constantly.(5)Most of the counties in southern shaanxi belong to "low low type "and "high low type" and the level of economic development is generally low. In addition to Hantai, Mianxian,Chenggu and Nanzheng which have been remaining at a relatively high level belong to "high high type", most of the rest of the counties (districts) belong to the "high low type" and "low low type", especially most of the counties (districts) of Shangluo belong to "low low type" and the economic development level has been very low.The innovation points of this paper are:(1) Analysising the county economic development in multiple perspectives. The paper takes the28counties (districts) in southern shaanxi’s economic development as the research object, selects the time sequence from1999to2010, collects data representing the county economy development scale, industrial structure and economic development quality, analysises from the three dimensions including the time space evolution, the related comparison and space change to do empirical research on county economic development in southern shaanxi,which more comprehensively reveals the evolution regularity of county economic development in southern shaanxi and spatial variation characteristics.(2) Combining the traditional analysis methods with modern analytical methods. This article not only uses the traditional analysis method for the determination of county economic development difference such as the standard deviations, weighted variation coefficient and terrible but also uses principal component analysis method for determining various counties (districts)" overall economic level, uses spatial statistical methods to analysis the spatial change characteristics. The combination of principal component analysis and spatial statistics analysis method makes the spatial statistical analysis is not based on the per capita GDP index data but the overall economic level obtained from the method of principal component analysis,which makes the results obtained from the statistical analysis is more reliable and true.(3) The combination of a variety of softwares. The paper uses SPSS17.0software to calculate the economic level of various counties (districts).On the basis of this,the paper combines ArcGIS and Geoda095i, which makes the attribute data and graphic data get good combination and more intuitively reveals the evolution law of economic development and the spatial pattern characteristics in southern shaanxi.