The Reaserch And Improvement On Routing Protocols Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is a multiple hop self-organizing networksystem composed of a large number of sensor nodes through wireless communication.The rapid development and increasing maturation of wireless sensor networktechnology can provide information acquisition and query processing abilitystrongly, thus promoting the wide application of wireless sensor networks in manyfields, such as military reconnaissance, environmental monitoring and protectionagainst disasters, medical and health care, traffic management, industry, agriculture,scientific research, space exploration and other fields.Routing technology is one of the key researchs in wireless sensor network, whichhas become a research focus in the field of communication and computer. However,since the sensor nodes are often in bad environments, powered by battery with limitedenergy that is hard to recharge. Therefore, energy conservation is a core andbasic problem in the study of routing protocols of wireless sensor network. Thisarticle does some research and design for wireless sensor networkrouting protocol from the point of view of the reducing the transmission messagevolume in routing-search process, aimed at saving network energy and prolonging thenetwork lifetime.Firstly, related knowledge of wireless sensor network are summarized, includingthe system structure, network protocol stack, characteristics and key technologies;Secondly, this article introduces the routing technology of wireless sensor network,discusses the existing typical routing protocol classification, and carry on thecomprehensive evaluation of its performance from various perspectives. The mainresearch content of this paper is as follows:(1) Aiming at the shortcoming of flooding algorithm, this paper puts forward anapproximate optimal query propagation algorithm—Filtered Forwarding Routingalgorithm (FFR), which can be able to rapidly send a query of the source node overthe whole wireless sensor network. FFR algorithm uses a limited flooding way toensure the rapid spread of the query message in wireless sensor network and low message consumption. The experimental results show that, compared with floodingalgorithm, the FFR algorithm can greatly reduce the amount of redundant informationin the process of the real-time query throughout the wireless sensor network, thussignificantly reducing the energy consumption of the network.(2) For distributed query processing in wireless sensor networks, this paper putsforward a kind of on-demand routing algorithm based on distributed query processing–Ripple Log algorithm, in order to use a small amount of query message to find thebest path to reach the destination node. The algorithm consists of the following twomechanisms:1) the passing mechanism of amplification message, which restricts thenumber of passing message involved in the path searching, to reduce the number ofthe passing message.2) the registration mechanism, which makes each node maintaina message log for optimal path selection aimed at reducing the amount of messaging.Experimental analysis indicates that Ripple Log algorithm can limit the path searchtraffic within a limited number of nodes by using the low latency messaging and findthe best path for distributed query processing.