Improvement And Implementation Of Sensor Networks Routing Protocols Based On MICAz Sensor Nodes

Routing protocol of wireless sensor networks (WSN) is one of the most important research areas in WSN. While numerous routing protocols and application-specific protocols have been proposed, a large portion of research efforts still evaluate the performance of protocols depending on simulator, there are few researches employing the implementation of routing protocols on real sensor nodes. Therefore, it is very practically and significantly to implement and improve the existing routing protocols with real sensor networks. Based on TinyOS developed in Berkeley, and sensor node MICAz produced in Crossbow, this thesis implements and improves three routing protocols, e.g., Flooding, Gossiping and hybrid hierarchical routing protocol. Furthermore, with the deployed sensor network, this thesis compares their performance with analytical and experimental results.This thesis firstly analyzes the service interface in TinyOS and the characteristics of MICAz, forming the basis for our following work. Based on the above, the thesis designs the data packet format and source nodes table, then develops single-source and multiple-source Flooding protocols, respectively, where this thesis employs the sequence number to relieve the explosion problem therein.Secondly, the thesis presents the development of Gossiping. In the same way, the thesis designs the data packet format and a neighboring nodes table, further using a broadcast-answer and randomly optional forwarding mechanism to avoid the repeated transmission between neighboring nodes. As a result, the transmission delay and energy consumption are significantly deceased. Finally, the thesis employs a method to update the neighboring nodes list as well.Thirdly, the thesis particularly designs and implements a LEACH like hybrid hierarchical routing protocols for data compression applications. Before extending the LESPS routing protocol in TinyOS, the thesis firstly devise a centralized clustering scheme to implement the hierarchical routing protocol which can guarantee the forwarding of compression data to sink efficiently and quickly.Furthermore, the thesis compares the performance of above three routing protocols, including transmission delay, memory usage, data loss rate and energy consumption. As one of the applications, the data gathering system XView with graphical user interface is developed in the thesis.Finally, this thesis points out the work to be improved and future researches.