The Research On Balanced Clustering Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network

With the development of sensor, microelectronics, embedded computing, distributed information and wireless communication technologies, wireless sensor networks are forefront of hot research areas in the international community of currently concerned,involving a highly crossed subject and highly integrated knowledge. Wireless sensor network is made up of lots of micro-sensor nodes, which is self-organizing by wireless. The sensor nodes can cooperate to monitor and gather information of area they monitored. Then the data they gathered will be forwarded to the terminals and to be deeply dealt with. Wireless sensor network implements the effective connectivity of the objective physical world and the logical information world, it has a very broad application prospects, such as military, environmental, agricultural and industrial control etc. Because of it's own characteristics-limited energy, computing and communication capability, it is very different from traditional networks. Energy-efficient is the wireless sensor network's primary design goals.Routing protocol is the core technology of WSN. Clustering routing protocol is energy efficiently. It divides the network into clusters which is interconnected. The cluster heads collect member's information and communicate with the base station. Clustering routing protocol can effectively reduce data traffic, improve network scalability, suitable for large-scale deployment of the network and significantly prolong the network lifetime. In this paper we study clustering routing protocol of WSN along the line of energy efficient.1. In connection with the problem of LEACH's stochastic nature, we proposed a clustering algorithm based on ACO (ACO-CH):The optimum number of cluster heads is determined by the analysis of system energy consumption, and uniformly distributed in monitoring area. Optimize the clustering algorithm by ACO. We choose the cluster head according to the condition of both normal nodes and the cluster-head. This algorithm can extend the network lifetime effectively. The results of simulation show that the lifetime has been extended contrast with LEACH. 2. For the characteristics of large-scale wireless sensor networks, in this paper we use single-hop communication within a cluster, multi-hop communication model used in inter-cluster. We proposed ACO-UDC routing protocols. Because the cluster head not only have to send its own packets, but also relay packets of other nodes, so the nearer from the base station, the more packets have to relay, the more energy have to consumption, nodes will die soon due to energy depletion, result in the network can not fully cover the area. So in this paper, we use uneven ranges to construct clusters of uneven size. The clusters closer to the sink have smaller sizes than those farther away from the sink; Use double cluster-heads strategy, a master cluster head and a vice cluster head are selected in each cluster according to the pheromone concentration, tasks such as data collection, fusion, transition, etc. are allocated respectively to these two kinds of cluster head; In inter-cluster routing we introduce the ant colony algorithm, according to energy and distance to find the optimal transmission path distance. Simulation results show that ACO-UDC can effectively reducing energy consumption, extending the network lifetime.