Research On The Large-scale RFID Reader Deployment In The Three-dimensional Space

The RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology has the advantage of beingable to communicate contactlessly and without direct line-of-sight contact with the datamedium. With the development of The Internet of Things, the RFID technology hasgradually become the basis of the construction of the future information society. Insome large application scenarios, such as military secret places, large warehouses, thewhole area needs an all-round, three-dimensional supervision. Because of the limitedreading and writing range of the RFID reader, we need to intensively deploy the readersin the three-dimensional space. In this case, we shall consider how to maximize thecoverage of the space and reduce the overlapping of the read range. By appropriatelysetting the parameters of the reader, not only can we save the system cost and achievethe optimal coverage rate, but also be able to reduce the overlapping of the read range.In this paper, we propose a deployment strategy for the large-scale RFID readerdeployment in the three-dimensional space. The main contributions of this paper arelisted as follows:1. We propose a matrix quantization strategy that describes the electromagneticmodel of the reader and the coverage area by three-dimensional matrixes. We candescribe the deployment of RFID readers in various scenarios more precisely.2. We propose a deployment strategy by using three-dimensional matrixes. Thestrategy overlays the reader matrix onto the deployment matrix by means of the matrixsuperimposition and it detects the cross-border of the reader deployment matrix. We cansimplify the calculation of the coverage ratio and overlapping ratio.3. The paper proposes an improved PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithmbased on the phase-out rules. Our simulation results show that the improved algorithmcan achieve a better coverage performance in solving the three-dimensional coverageproblem.4. The result of simulation for the deployment of RFID reader in a variety ofscenarios shows that the proposed deployment strategy not only can be applied toregular regions, but also be applied to irregular regions. Such a strategy has a good performance in three-dimensional deployment.The results of this research can be used to solve the large-scale RFID readerdeployment application problem in the three-dimensional space. Meanwhile, theproposed ideas and methods can also be used for solving other three-dimensionaldeployment problems.