Wireless Sensor Network Localization Algorithm

Wireless sensor network,consisting of numerous micro-sensor nodes(hereinafter nodes) deployed in the monitoring region,is a self-organizing multi-hop network system which is formed through wireless communication.The nodes collaborate with each other to perceive,collect and process the information of the perception object in the network coverage areas and send it to the observer.The wireless sensor network,according to its own characteristics,has a wide range of application prospect in environmental monitoring,military and high-risk areas.In the wireless sensor network,the nodes’location information is essential to the sensor network monitoring activity.The position an incident occurred and the nodes’location information we accessed are critical information contained in the sensor node monitoring messages which will become meaningless without nodes’location information.Therefore,the research on the node location algorithm of the wireless sensor network is of great theoretical and practical significance.The thesis puts forward the localization algorithm in WSN based on the regional division of cellular networks, which is in the case of non-distance, and makes the construction of the network topology for unit cellular network and cluster cellular networks. The anchor nodes are deployed in vertex and center of the unit cellular network. According to the number of hops between the nodes, the estimate location of unknown nodes should be matched to the conditions of the region, and then complete the unknown nodes’ location estimate. The thesis summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of the algorithm, and suggests the algorithm’s expansibility.Using simulation environment with MATLAB7.0, the algorithm is made the simulation experiments and analyzed the experimental results. For the unit cellular network and the cluster cellular networks, positioning accuracy can reach20%, and with the increase of unknown nodes’number, the positioning accuracy of the network will change smoothly. So the algorithm is more suitable for the nodes’localization in the large-scale networks.