Clinical Research Of Upper Airway Cough Syndrome In Children

ObjectiveTo realize common causes, clinical sign and symptoms, diagnosis, differentialdiagnosis, and distribution difference regarding to age groups, of upper airway coughsyndrome in children.MethodsRetrospective analysis method in children was done to confirm children’s upperairway cough syndrome. The total cases (55) which conform to the standard of thedisease were carried out in September2010to March2013from respiratory andoutpatient departments in Dalian children hospital. We summarized and analyzed theclinical manifestations, CT features and the common causes of the disease；And weregistered and recorded the information in the case table.Results1. Children with upper airway cough syndrome have a total of55cases, preschoolgroup36cases（65%），School age group19cases(35%).2. There were55children with upper airway cough syndrome,38with single cause,14with two causes and3with more than two causes. Common cause constituent ratioto sinusitis, rhinitis, adenoid hypertrophy and laryngeal diseases accounted for45.3%,37.3%,16%, and1.4%respectively. Etiology of Upper airway cough syndromeinvolved preschool and school-age group both group having sinusitis, rhinitis, adenoidhypertrophy and throat diseases. In preschool group adenoid hypertrophy was the majorrelated cause whereas rhinitis and sinusitis were considered as leading cause in schoolage group.3. All of the55children with upper airway cough syndrome had cough，besides，50.9%of the children accompanied with major symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion.45.5%of the children have positive signs, among it the children have signssuch as purulent secretions (37%), sinus tenderness (34%) and Pebbles (29%)respectively.4. Among the55children with upper airway cough syndrome, there are thirty fourchildren were diagnosed as sinusitis by doing CT examination, among them27maxillary sinus,2ethmoid sinus,1maxillary sinus with ethmoid sinus, and4maxillarysinus, ethmoid sinus and sphenoid sinus involvement were diagnosed. Maxillarysinusitis has the highest rate of involvement (74.4%), but ethmoid sinusitis andsphenoid sinusitis were having less involvement (16.3%and9.3%).5. Among the55children with upper airway cough syndrome, lung function testwas done for37children. Among these children the test was (59%) normal, and the testwas (41%) abnormal, it followed by small airway ventilation was reduced, mixed lungventilation dysfunction and obstructive ventilation dysfunction. Each accounted for40%,33%and27%.Conclusions1. The age distribution of children’s upper airway cough syndrome mainly waspreschool groups. The common causes were sinusitis, rhinitis, adenoid hypertrophy andlaryngeal diseases. Adenoid hypertrophy was high proportion in preschool age andrhinitis with sinusitis was high proportion in the school age group.2. While all the children with upper airway cough syndrome have cough, half ofthem have nasal symptoms such as sneezing and nasal congestion, and about half ofthem have positive signs, followed by throat wall purulent secretions, sinus areatenderness or pebbles.3. In the children with upper airway cough syndrome caused by sinusitis, about4/5was having maxillary sinus lesions.4. In the children with upper airway cough syndrome,2/5children’s pulmonaryfunction test were abnormal, followed by small airway ventilation was reduced, mixedlung ventilation dysfunction and obstructive ventilation dysfunction..