Research On The Countermeasure Of Chinese Ocean Oil Spill Emergency Based On The Haddon Model

In recent years there are more and more ocean oil spill events, the pollution of spilloil became the biggest reason of damage to marine environment because of widerange of pollution, great harm and fast spread. So countries put preventing andcontrolling oil pollution in a prominent position. The marine oil pollution as one ofthe maritime incidents reflects the marine emergency management ability，and theability directly related to the treatment effect of oil spill accident, the protection of theMarine environment, and especially to the future of how to prevent this kind of thingsto happen again. In other words the key thing to solve marine oil spill events is toimprove the ability of marine emergency management ability. At present our country’sability has improved a lot, but compared with the developed countries we still havethe very big disparity. We have some problems in this aspect, such as isolated themarine oil spill events, the presence of fluke mind, not perfect emergency law, andemergency coordination mechanism need to improve and so on. So the research onthe emergency management of marine oil spill events has important realisticsignificance and guidance.This article puts the Bohai sea oil spill events as the breakthrough point andcompares the different countries in dealing with marine oil spill events. We useHaddon model to analysis this event, the theory helps us divide the event intoprevention management, disposal management and follow-up management. In thefollowing words according to the above problems we propose the countermeasures.At first the article introduces the concept of the emergency management of marineoil spill events, and point out the particularity of this event. Emergency managementtheory becomes the theory support to the analysis. Secondly we introduce the Haddonmodel to analysis our country’s emergency management of marine oil spill events andfinds the problems in three stages. At last as well as the main body part of this article,I put my advice to solve these problems. In the prevention stage we should establishcrisis consciousness, establish early warning mechanism and perfect the legal systemof marine oil spill. In the disposal stage we should build coordinate linkagemechanism, training professional emergency rescue teams, use the advanced oil spillcleaning technology. In the follow-up stage we should build periodic compensationsystem, do post-disaster marine ecological restoration and psychological counselingwork. I hope these advices could provide foundation and basis to the marine oil spillemergency management practice.