The Research On Parking Demand Management In Large Urban Central District Based On Parking Charge

With the rapid development of society and economy, quantities of motor vehicles increase sharply, thus leading to severer traffic jams and more traffic problems which hinder the sustainable development of the city greatly. At present, the most efficient way to solve urban traffic problems is conducting traffic demand management (TDM), which can solve all kinds of traffic problems from the source of traffic demand. Parking demand management (PDM) is an important kind of TDM, which can efficiently cooperate and lead the development of parking demand, ease traffic conflict and promote the balanced development between demand and supply. It’s one of the most efficient countermeasures of TDM whose effects on solving traffic problems can be proved by many cities.The paper’s analyses is conducted on the basis of the pilot surveys and parking lot surveys on a number of typical cities, using a combination of theoretical research and practical research, a combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. In addition, the paper use the multi-disciplinary theoretical knowledge of game theory, applied mathematics, and information economics.The paper analyzes PDM from different aspects; especially focus on the mechanism of the PDM. And then based on the massive research on parking infrastructures and parking questionnaires we analyze parking demand characteristics from four aspects that is trip purpose, choice of parking lots, time of parking and the time of walking after parking of the parking drivers, and analyze the influence of parking policy, parking rate, income and convenience degree of parking lots on drivers’ parking demand.The paper considers the behaviors of the users of parking infrastructures, the government and the operators of parking infrastructures as repeated game behaviors act at different time and with incomplete information which can be considered as double principal-agent relationship. On the basis of determining the relationship, the game behaviors and different utility functions of the three parties in the process of the participants pricing are analyzed and the game theory model of the big city center parking rate is established on the basis of double principal-agent relationship and the evaluation of the model is conducted.On the basis of analysis on parking demand characteristic, influence factors of parking demand, parking rate standard game model, the paper studies the parking demand management countermeasures of three participants, that is parking facilities users, government and parking facilities operators and finally take Harbin as a real case conduct empirical research on the central parking demand management measures.