Rate Study, Based On Traffic Demand Management Of Urban Motor Vehicle Parking Charges

Parking charging, as a means of transportation demand management, using price leverage to coordinate and regulate urban parking demand, can promote the parking demand and supply relatively balanced. The current parking standards lack scientific basis, parking charges is arbitrary, and cannot play the role of demand management. Therefore, studying the theoretical system and calculating method of urban parking charging is particularly necessary and urgent.This paper studies the calculating theory and method of urban vehicle parking charge basing on the transport demand management. Parking pricing is based on the balance of parking supply and parking demand. As a means of transportation demand management, by adjusting the fees, can adjust the relationship between regional parking supply and demand. This paper studies how the parking fees affect the travel modes choice, mainly on car or public transportation, and establish the time-cost function and generalized travel cost function, and study the impact on generalized travel costs. That is people can change their travel choice (by car), and turn to public transportation, therefore, reduce the volume of cars and parking demand in the region, and ensure that parking demand and supply relatively balanced.This paper establishes the model system for parking rates: First, forecasts the regional parking demand and supply, and analyses the relationship between them, then adjust the parking charging rates, and analyses different charging standard affect the volume of cars and the relationship between supply and demand. Finally, choose the more reasonable parking standard. This paper also introduced Arrival Departure rate parameters for judging the relationship of parking supply and demand. If parking supply and demand in this region can be well adjusted, it is supposed that the parking pricing is reasonable and effective.Finally, the paper studies the core region of Kunming, and takes this region as an example, analyses parking demand and supply of the region. Through surveys, parking demand in the region is more than the parking supply, so parking problem is serious, and have to re-set the standard of parking fees. The adjusted parking fees can effectively reduce the volume of car travel, and also can ensure that the region's parking demand and supply relatively balanced at a certain degrees.