Based On The Co-Construction And Sharing Of River Basin Ecological Compensation Mechanism In Water Resource Utilization Research

With the rapid development of the economy, the contradiction between the supply and the demand of the water resources becomes increasingly fierce, which seriously affects sustainable development of the economy and the society in watershed. Therefore, sustainable use of the water resources is increasingly significant. Constructing watershed systems with ecological compensation of the water resources is a great solution for the problems. It can regulate the distribution of the benefit effectively by kinds of compensation methods, namely, to achieve the compensation from ones benefiting from water resources to ones suffer from the loss. By this way, we can realize fair distribution between the environmental and economic interest, between environmental protectors and destroyer, and between the beneficiaries and sufferers, so as to resolve social conflicts, promote social justice, guarantee social stability and achieve ecological civilization, thus making the society develop stably and harmoniously. At present, the clarification of property rights in China still remained in the primary stage and many problems are to be solved, such as incomplete management systems of the water resources, unsound ecological compensation systems in watershed and the lack in the law on the ecological compensation, which brings difficulties to related work on the ecological compensation systems of the use of the water resources. Constructing sharing watershed systems with ecological compensation is the best and the most direct method to realize the protection and sustainable use of the water resources. Therefore, this research starts from the whole watershed and brings up solutions with sustainable development as the common goal and the protection of the environment as the basic task. Upholding the principle that the ecological benefit of the water resources should belong to the whole watershed, we should construct sharing watershed systems with ecological compensation to strengthen the cooperation and coordination of the whole watershed, to make the compensation change from passive to active, and to promote internalization of external problems on the protection of the water resources. Only by this method can we realize the share of the benefit and the win-win situation of the economy. This research is based on the existing domestic and foreign achievement about the ecological compensation and is focused on research of the principles, the hosts, the methods, the standards and the practices of the ecological compensation in watershed systematically. After comprehensive analysis of the domestic and foreign ecological compensation practices, we can obtain successful experiences and draw inspiration for the ecological compensation systems in Yangtze River. Applying the construction of the sharing watershed systems with ecological compensation to Yangtze River, we put forward ideas how we can realize ecological compensation here. In detail, we suggest to set up unified management, to apply different methods of ecological compensation for different watershed considering the actual situation, to determine scientific standards for the ecological compensation and to ensure adequate sources as ecological compensation funds. Moreover, this research covered how to construct systems from the organization of the management, the regulation of the compensation to the solution of the dispute in the compensation, which can be used to achieve the purpose that the ecosystem, the society and the economy can develop concertedly.