A Study On The Payment Willingness Of Residents In The Middle And Lower Reaches Of The Yangtze River For The Transverse Ecological Compensation Of Water Resources In The Ganzi Prefecture Watershed

At present,the ecological compensation mechanism is an important path and means to realize the value of ecological products.It helps farmers to increase their income,adjust their income structure,increase their employment opportunities,and then achieve common prosperity.With the continuous advancement of the "Two Mountains" theory,people gradually realize the importance of water resources protection and sustainable utilization: water is the source of human life,providing support for human survival and development.At the same time,water resources also play a role in promoting social and economic growth.As a basic natural resource and strategic economic resource,water resources play an extremely important role in national economic development and national security.However,along with economic development and social progress,people’s utilization of water resources has increased,while the problem of water pollution and shortage has become increasingly prominent.In particular,the contradiction of "the upstream government bears the burden while the downstream government benefits" has become increasingly prominent in the upstream and downstream of the river basin,which has seriously hindered the progress of the national economy and threatened the healthy life of human beings and social stability.At the same time,the simple vertical ecological compensation can no longer meet the requirements of the development of the current era,so it is very necessary for the middle and downstream beneficiaries to carry out diversified horizontal ecological compensation to the upstream bearers.How to mobilize the enthusiasm of households in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River for horizontal ecological compensation of water resources in the Ganzi Prefecture basin,strengthen the horizontal ecological compensation of water resources in the basin,and realize the sustainable and healthy development of water ecological environment is an urgent problem to be solved at present.Located in the headwaters of the Yangtze River and Yellow River,Ganzi Prefecture is the ecological barrier of the Yangtze River and Yellow River,and is known as the "water tower of China".As the beneficiaries,the households in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will enjoy the bonus brought by the protection of water resources in Ganzi Prefecture free of charge and bear the corresponding obligations.Therefore,this paper takes households(farmers and residents)in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object,starts with the current situation of horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in the Ganzi Prefecture basin and the willingness of households in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to pay horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in the Ganzi Prefecture basin,and takes the theory of public goods,externality theory,property rights transaction theory and sustainable development theory as the theoretical support.Based on the data support of 813 valid questionnaires of households(farmers and residents)in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,16 indicators including individual characteristics,family characteristics,behavioral attitudes and ecological environment perception of households(farmers and residents)in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are selected.The willingness to pay method is adopted and the binary Logit regression model is adopted.The willingness of households in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to pay horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in Ganzi Prefecture and its influencing factors were analyzed,and its criteria were calculated.OLS model was used to analyze the horizontal ecological compensation payment level of households in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River for water resources in Ganzi Prefecture Basin and its influencing factors.The results show that gender,household’s understanding of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin and household’s payment method of horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in Ganzi Prefecture have negative effects on the willingness to pay.The living distance and living time have positive effects on them.It is calculated that the minimum standard of horizontal ecological compensation of households in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the Ganzi Basin water resources is 46,923,200 yuan per year.For the payment level,education level,living distance and personal annual income are positively correlated,while household registration,household satisfaction with water quality and household understanding of government measures to protect water resources in the Yangtze River Basin are negatively correlated.At the same time,households with different household registration(farmers and residents)in the same basin have different payment intentions and influencing factors for horizontal ecological compensation of water resources in Ganzi Prefecture basin.In addition,At present,there are still insufficient horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in Ganzi Prefecture,incomplete range of horizontal ecological compensation,single main body of horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in the basin,inconsistent awareness and behavior of households participating in horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in the basin,and insufficient legal basis for households participating in horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in Ganzi Prefecture The single channel for households to receive environmental information for horizontal ecological compensation of water resources in Ganzi Prefecture Basin.Based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on how to establish a diversified and market-oriented horizontal ecological compensation mechanism,in order to improve the horizontal ecological compensation level of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the Ganzi Basin water resources,realize the sustainable development of the water ecological environment of the Ganzi basin,and further promote the smooth implementation of the "two Mountains" theory.