War Traveler—the Famous American Female War Reporter Martha Gellhorn

Martha Gellhorn(1908-1908), a famous American female war correspondent, travel writer and novelist.She was voted by the British "daily telegraph" as one of the great war correspondent in the20th century.In more than60years as a journalist, she participated in the Spanish civil war, world war II, the end of the cold war, almost all the important international reports on the front line of war. In her81-year-old, she interviewed America’s invasion of panama’s war, but in the body of the disease to her almost completely blind, that she finally choose commit suicide way to end her own life.The Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism award is named after her.The Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism award is named after her,Which it founded in1999by Martha Gellhorn foundation, its selection follow the following principles:The award will be for the kind of reporting that distinguished Martha:in her own words "the view from the ground". This is essentially a human story that penetrates the established version of events and illuminates an urgent issue buried by prevailing fashions of what makes news. We would expect the winner to tell an unpalatable truth, validated by powerful facts, that exposes establishment conduct and its propaganda, or "official drivel", as Martha called it. The subjects can be based in this country or abroad.Martha Gellhorn is a famous American female war correspondent, at the same time a novelist’s identity; she is good at long news, feature writing,13published novels and prose all her life, long-term workas a war correspondent in the United States "Coller" magazine. She experienced almost all important wars of the20th century, footprints across five continents. But she hadn’t been written in "American history", and had not been mentioned "in the history of foreign journalism", this in itself is a question worthy of researching.Martha has a very adventurous life; she likes to travel everywhere, always eagers to see. The great battles of the20th century, under her unique female perspective, have a unique color. She is eager to dream, and also use a lifetime to pursue the dream.It was such a brave pursue individuality, and contributed to the field traveler.In the Spanish civil war Martha opened the war correspondent career, in battlefield of China show ed a keen political smell, got experience and matured quickly in the second world war, and in the Vietnam war broke out in distinctive personal features. Along her war trajectory, we can see Martha interweave with the transformation of literature and journalism.More importantly, in addition to a lot of news and literature, Martha left a controversial news writing form what she called "the journalism of attachment".Former BBC journalists Martin Bell defines it as a Bell, this kind of news writing highly emotional color, the beauty and ugliness, right and wrong, victims and description are not based on the news of the oppressors of objective position. Probe into its reasons, in addition to Martha’s own personality, the novelist’s identity also played an important role. Martha how to deal with the subtle relationship between literature and journalism, how this news style is formed, how the specific style performances, what the influence, and these problems are of much significance, and will also be the research emphasis in this paper.Of smoke, Martha lived in the20th century, the human resisted or reborn in the fire, at that time itself is significant, Martha Gellhorn in that era, recorded the age, also commented at that time, her life and work has been deeply engraved on the imprint of The Times. Like other dreamful reporters at that time, Martha strived for every chance to frontline combat to record details, but Martha’s personal style (albeit controversial) but to make her different, and it is this difference, that is of great significance for the research.Finally, domestic academia for Martha Gellhorn research is very less, Yang Jingren by Xiamen university, the author of Ernest Hemingway in China just regards her as Hemingway’s "new bride", her identity refers to a supporting role. Michael Emery, compiled in American history no introduction and description about Martha Gellhorn. Zhang Wei in China:research on female American journalists in China during the Anti-Japanese War, once in the chapter "liberal" gives a general introduction to Martha. There is still not system and detailed research about her in the domestic. So in a sense, it can be used as a foreign history, and foreign journalists a complementary study. Growing female war reporters today in China, also hope to be able to provide some beneficial reference for the group.