Research Of Clustering-based Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networks

Mobile sensor networks (MSN) are self-organiztion networks consisting of sensor nodes whichhave the function of sensing, processing, wireless communication and mobility. Compared with thetraditional static wireless sensor networks, the movement of the sensor node can lead to thecontinual change of network topology. If using the traditional routing protocols, MSN can usuallycause loss of data, data delay and much energy waste. Hierarchical network structure has goodscalability and suits to the characteristic of MSN. The thesis divids the hierarchical MSN into mixedmobile MSN and completed MSN, uses clustering method to design the efficient routing protocol tosolve the above problem.The mixed MSN are mixed networks consisting of static cluster heads and mobile membernodes. The static cluster heads constitute the network backbone structure and member nodes canmove according to certain rules. According to the mixed MSN charactertistics, this thesis presents acluster-based routing protocol MMWSN, which is based on LEACH-Mobile protocol, addsdynamic time slot allocation technology which dynamically allocates free time slot to the newsensor nodes, and improves the problem of the LEACH-Mobile protocol which should recalculationof the slot allocation whenever a node joins. MMWSN also introduces the agent node whichreceives the data packets from the mobile nodes to reduce the packet loss. Simulation results showthat MMWSN protocol achieves better performance than LEACH-Mobile in success rate of packettransmission, energy efficiency and delay of packet transmission.The completed MSN are mixed networks consisting of mobile cluster heads and mobile membernodes. Cluster heads and member nodes can move according to certain rules. According to thecompleted MSN charactertistics, this thesis presents a cluster-based routing protocol CMWSN,which is based on MMWSN protocol, considers the mobility of the cluster heads, combines withgenetic algorithm, and elects the cluster head that has less mobility, better energy, and a morereasonable position. Simulation results show that CMWSN protocol achieves better performancethan LEACH-Mobile and MMWSN in success rate of packet transmission and energy efficiency.