Research On Cluster Routing Based On Genetic Algorithm And Ant Colony Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Network

There are a large number of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks,and these nodes have modules for sensing and wireless long-distance communication.The network has the ability to detect,monitor and perceive the surrounding environment.However,the energy of sensor nodes in the network is limited and cannot be replaced once deployed.The research on energy saving has become one of the key issues in wireless sensor networks.In network transmission,the communication between nodes consumes a lot of energy,so by designing a reasonable clustering and routing algorithm,unnecessary energy consumption can be effectively reduced and the life of the network can be prolonged.Reasonable clustering of randomly distributed nodes in the network can reduce the communication energy consumption of nodes in the cluster.Therefore,this paper mainly studies the clustering algorithm and routing strategy of wireless sensor networks in order to reduce the energy consumption of the network.This article first introduces the research background and significance of wireless sensor networks,and then introduces the network architecture,key technologies and characteristics of wireless sensor networks,and then explains several representative clustering algorithms and routing strategies.It summarizes and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages,puts forward the problems to be solved in this paper,gives solutions and carries out simulation verification.In order to solve the problems in current clustering algorithm and routing strategy,aiming at the problem of randomly electing cluster heads in current clustering algorithm,this paper proposes a cluster head calculation method and clustering algorithm combining Gaussian distribution function and genetic algorithm.In the routing strategy,environment-related data is analyzed,combined with the ant colony algorithm,and a multi-parameter weighted energy-saving clustering routing protocol ICRS is proposed.This protocol first aims at the problems in calculating the number of initial cluster heads and the initial cluster head distribution in the current clustering algorithm,and optimizes the fitness function by combining the remaining energy of the node and the energy consumption of intra-cluster and inter-cluster transmission.In the routing strategy,parameters such as the distance between the node and the neighbor node and the distance between the node and the base station are combined to improve the selection of the next hop node and the update of pheromone.Finally,use MATLAB to simulate the clustering routing protocol proposed in this paper.Through the simulation,various parts of the ICRS protocol are analyzed in detail,and some parameters are discussed.In this paper,the number of surviving nodes in the network,the remaining energy of the network,the number of data packets received by the base station,the energy efficiency and the structure of the cluster are used as performance indicators.The simulation results of ICRS and the other three protocols of GATERP,NR-LEACH,and L-LEACH are carried out.Comparison.The simulation results show that the ICRS protocol proposed in this paper can significantly extend the life of the network,42.9% longer than that of NR-LEACH,38.8%longer than that of L-LEACH,and 9.3% longer than that of GATERP.The energy efficiency of NR-LEACH is increased by 39.3%,which is 35.8% higher than that of L-LEACH,and 14.2% is higher than that of GATERP.It shows that the ICRS protocol can effectively reduce network energy consumption and has good performance.