The Research Of The Clustering Routing Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes throughthe way of self organization to form the wireless communication network; its purposeis to transmit monitoring information to the user node, It is a multidisciplinary highlycross domain, has a broad application prospect in military and civil field, has become afocus of global research field.Since the sensor nodes usually supplied by batteries energy, the routing protocolplays a vital role in the energy consumption of nodes, How to design reasonable andeffective routing protocol to make full use of the node’s energy resources, prolong thenetwork life cycle is the focus of our research problem.Based on the analysis of the existing clustering routing protocol, aiming at theexisting problem of classic LEACH protocol: uneven distribution of cluster head node,without considering the residual energy of nodes when select the cluster head nodes,the cluster head nodes communicate with sink node directly and so on; Based on thetheory of LEACH agreement, we proposed energy-balance multi-hop routing protocolfor wireless sensor networks with static clustering EBMHRP-SC. The methodcombining the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, make full use ofthe advantages of each algorithm to cluster the random deployment of sensor nodes ina reasonable manner. And according to the residual energy of nodes, the averageenergy of the cluster nodes, the distance between cluster center and cluster head to runfor the cluster head node of each cluster, then based on the shortest distance betweenclusters to improve the transmission path, so that the cluster can transfer data to thesink node by one-hop or multi-hop. The simulation shows that the improved methodcan make the energy consumption of nodes in the network more balance, therebyextending the network life cycle.When sink node move to the outside of the monitoring area, the performance ofEBMHRP-SC declined. To solve this problem, we use the improved ant colony algorithm to redesign the inter-cluster routing. We proposed energy-balance multi-hoprouting protocol for wireless sensor networks based on improved ant colonyoptimization EBMHRP-IACO. This method is mainly in the ant colony algorithm oftransition probability and pheromone update incorporates the residual energy of nodesand the distance between nodes. And design the objective function to evaluate of thegenerated path to strengthen the pheromone concentration of the optimal path, sochoose the optimal path. Simulation results show that with the monitoring of the areaand the nodes becomes larger compared with EBMHRP-SC and LEACH, EBMHRP-IACO reduces the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.