Research On Clustering Routing Protocol Based On Intelligent Optimization Algorithms In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are comprised of a large number of miniscule sensors by self-organization and self-adaption in the monitoring area, the sensors have a certain ability of collecting data, processing data and communicating. The energy resources of WSN are batteries, for the energy is very limited and the replenishment of energy almost impossible, Therefore, the concerns in WSN researching are improving the utilization of energy and extending the lifetime of networks all the time. In this paper, the aim of researching and designing WSN ruoting protocol is to prolong the effective service life of the network.In the paper, we analysed the facing of challenges in the routing protocol design of WSN, and summarized typical routing protocols of WSN, even the advantage and shortcoming of these protocols. And then, on the base of specifying the LEACH protocol, a clustering routing protocol based on intelligent optimization algorithms in wireless sensor networks is directed against the shortcoming of LEACH protocol in head node selection and routing between clusters. In selecting the cluster heads, the protocol takes full consideration of the remaining energy of nodes, cluster head node distribution in network and cluster structure, and selects the suitable cluster head nodes by genetic algorithm which is improved in encoding of GA, fitness function and genetic operation in order to make the cluster head nodes more suitable. After we get the cluster head nodes by the clustering hierarchy algorithm, the nodes clustering by the way of self-organizing. The communication mode is the same with LEACH protocol in one cluster. The communication between the cluster head nodes, we design a routing algorithm in inter-cluster by ant colony optimization. In the algorithm, the distant heads send data to base station (BS) using use multi-hop routing in clusters. When calculating the transfer probability and the quantity of pheromone updating, the algorithm leads in the remaining energy of head nodes, energy consumption of the inter-cluster communication, inter-cluster distance and the relative position between cluster heads and BS. We improved the ACO by the thinking of agency in Q-learning algorithm, in order to make the inter-cluster protocol have the enlightening in the structure of route. The BS is supposed to be a cluster head node with more energy in order to keep the head nodes close to BS dying. At last, the clustering algorithm and inter-cluster routing algoritm are combined together to make up the clustering routing protocol based on intelligent optimization algorithms in WSN. The result of experiment simulation show that the routing protocol postpones the death of major nodes balances the energy consumption of the network and prolongs the effective life-time of the network.