Research On Routing Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) consists of numbers of sensor nodes which have the capabilities of data sensing, information processing and wireless communication. These nodes are connected in the form of wireless multi-hop and non-center. WSN is made by the convergence of sensor, MEMS, nested computation and network communication technologies. It is a rising integrated network technology. WSN focus on data and emphasizes on information sensing and cooperation of each node. It provides a fire-new technology about acquiring and processing information. It has a wide application future. Both academia and industries are very interested in it.However, WSN has its own characteristics. Such as the number of sensor node in WSN is numerous, the power and the capability of the single node is extraordinary limited, it is difficult to maintenance, the redundancy of the data is high and the application condition is complex. These features bring enormous challenges from the basic theory and engineering technical levels to the network design and information processing. The correlative researches are getting more and more attention of the researchers. How to improve the capability of routing protocol of WSN is the main part of this dissertation. The main achievements are as follows:(1) The numbers of sensor node in WSN are numerous and single node is extraordinarily limited in resource. The all-important aim of designing routing protocol of WSN is to reduce the overall energy dissipated in the network and to maximize the network lifetime. The author analyzed and compared some routing protocols and then designed a new routing protocol of WSN—a software Agent that is able to determine energy efficient routing techniques. What is unique about our proposed Agent approach is that the Agent has a learning capability using genetic arithmetic operators. We propose a new algorithm called RAGA(Routing Agent using Genetic Algorithms) while the fitness criterion is based on number of cluster heads, direct distance to sink, and cluster distance.(2) For the wireless sensor network to adapt real application better, we need to study the sensor network algorithm in heterogeneous environment. The DCDF(Distributed Clustering with Data Fusion Algorithm) proposed in this paper is just an algorithm considering distributed clustering with data fusion in energy heterogeneous network. By considering cluster size, average power of cluster and load balance to control the average energy cost per round equally in the main, so that the stable period can be prolonged and by data fusion to decrease the transmitted data and prevent the link congestion. Simulation results show that DCDF has a good performance of stable network period and report rate of same data.(3) In allusion to the network characteristic of wireless sensor network and QoS constraints, such as, surplus energy of nodes, time lapse, time lapse wobble, bandwidth and so on. This paper takes the maximal surplus energy for the first measurement, simultaneity considering the factors including bandwidth of nodes, time lapse, time lapse wobble and so on, then proposes a multi-QoS constrained multicast route algorithm SEQMRA-W(Surplus Energy Qos Multicast Routing Algorithm based on WSN) based on maximal nodes'surplus energy. The analysis of complexity is given and the experiment indicated that the algorithm has fairly good characteristic in terms of the routing success rate, the cost of multicast tree and energy consumption.