An Improved Energy-efficient Research Based On Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocol

The rapid development of microelectronic, microprocessor, microcomputer system, computertechnologies and wireless communication technologies, promote the Wireless Sensor Networkemergence and drive its development. Wireless Sensor Networks consist of sensor nodes, which canbe used to monitor area and have the functions of collecting information, carry on the digitalprocessing and wireless communication ability. Sensor nodes can use self-organization way to forma multi-hop network system through the means of wireless communication, to complete thedetection task by a collaborative way. Wireless Sensor Networks are different from the traditionalnetworks. Sensor nodes are usually powered by batteries. It is difficult to replace the battery of thenodes in the harsh environment, so saving the nodes’ energy of Wireless Sensor Networks is a keyproblem.This research presents a sensor network routing algorithm based on hierarchical routingprotocol, is mainly based on the clustering routing protocol, LEACH protocol, to design andimplement an energy efficient routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. The purpose ofcluster-head choosing algorithm based on the residual energy is to conserver sensor node energy,improving the life time of the network and maintained the stability of the network.Energy efficiency routing algorithm chosen the cluster heads is the nodes with maximumsurplus energy for each round, which prevents the cluster heads to death because of excessiveenergy consumption. Nodes use dormancy/wake mechanism, i.e. node which do not receive thebroadcast information by cluster-head, enters into a dormant state, when one round is over, thenodes wake up into compete the cluster heads phase. In a cluster, nodes take use of single-hop datacommunication mode, while multi-hop communication mode is adopted among cluster heads fordata transport. Through the Prim algorithm to generate a minimum spanning tree, so that the clusterhead nodes can transmit data information by the neighbor cluster heads on the tree. In this way, itcan reduce the energy consumption of using for the long distance of sending data. Simulationresults show that the improved algorithm can effectively save network energy consumption andprolong the survival time of the network.