Implementation Of Monitoring System In Forest Fire Prevention Based On Gis

A forest resource is an important part of China’s natural resources and the material basis of forestry productions and the economic construction. It is also the material wealth of people’s living and an important guarantee of a good ecological environment. But the forest fires frequently happening every year, have brought serious harm in forest resources and ecological environment, and caused huge economic losses. So effective monitoring of forest fire prevention is an important way of reducing fire hazards and economic losses.The research of monitoring system of forest fire prevention based on GIS has three main parts:the selection of observatories point, the fire point positioning system and the monitoring system of hand-held device.The selection of observatories point is an important part of the forest fire monitoring system, the rational layout of the observation point could reduce the costs and the area of the dead zone. Using the components of ArcEngine and the development language of C#.NET, the system not only has the basic function of GIS, but also can extract the peak point quickly and accurately and calculate the area of the visible region and dead zone through the visibility analysis.Based on the ArcEngine and database as well as the digital rotational station which returns the real-time observation angles, the forest fire monitoring system is designed to improve the forest fire prevention monitoring system and assist the forest fire extinguishing decision makings. Camera vertical angle and horizontal angle are the key factors, which affect the accuracy of the positioning of the system. The method of the rectification of the camera’s horizontal angle and vertical angle is introduced in this paper for the high precision of the fire locating. At the same time, the3D electronic map in the monitoring center can trace the video images with the camera of observation point taking on the scene. So the monitor knows the real-time monitoring position to provide support planning and decision-making for the fire prevention.The design of forest fire monitoring system in hand-held terminals based on embedded GIS realized the function of basic operations of the electronic map, GPS positioning, path analysis, navigation and attribute query etc. At the same time, based on GPRS, hand-held terminals provide the monitoring center with real-time information in the field fire of the fire fighting by Socket communication, so that the command center designated the program of fire fighting and rescue work.A particular demonstration plot was chosen for related experiment in the forestry bureau in the Balang Town, Xing’an League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The experimental results demonstrated that the site selection of observation point is scientific and reasonable, and the fire position system and hand-held terminals were operated easily reliable and also applied for monitoring kinds of large area forest. Besides, it can provide an effective basis for forest management and decision-making section.