Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Research And Improvement

Wireless sensor network(WSN),which is the integration of micro-sensors,embedded computing,modern networks and wireless communication technologies,is a novel computing model and promote the development of science and technology and social progress.Through the real-time collaboration of the integrated micro-sensors,it can be used for sensing and processing information,and then can provide a large amount of reliable information.It has broad application prospects not only in military applications,environmental monitoring but also in disaster rescue,space exploration and so on.Routing protocol is a mechanism which transmits the data from the source nodes to the destination nodes.In wireless sensor network,the energy of the node is very limited and not easy to recharge,so the foremost goal of the routing protocol design is to reduce the energy consumption and extend the lifetime.According to the comparison and analysis of various types of typical routing protocols,this thesis focused on LEACH(low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy)protocol. Many of the common clustering algorithms are based on the selection of cluster-head nodes and the formation of clusters in LEACH,and there’s a few based on the control operation against energy consumption during data transmitting in LEACH-C. And then,an improvement of LEACH-C based on nodes’energy is proposed which aims to increase the lifetime of the networks by choosing the temporary cluster-head nodes and looking for the intermediate nodes in the same clusters which refers that member nodes communicate with the cluster-head nodes through multi-hop communication,to transfer and balance the nodes’energy consumption and information overload among all of nodes in the network.Improved algorithm is described in detail and its working flow chart is given.Also,the algorithm is simulated under several situations.The simulation results are analyzed,which prove that the lifetime of the network is prolonged.Finally,we prolong the network lifetime in the terms of balancing the load,and propose the multi-path based GEAR protocol—BMP-GEAR protocol. BMP-GEAR established multi-path from the source node to the destination node.The simulation under NS2platform shows that,compared to GEAR, BMP-GEAR protocol can extend network lifetime.