Research On Multicast Routing Based On Network Coding In Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we focus on the routing algorithm in wireless sensor networks based on network coding. The energy consumption is reduced by simplifying the routing procedure, thus the network lifetime can be prolonged. The invention of network coding has been transformed the way of traditional data transmission based on " store-forward " mechanism. The idea of network coding is that the data can be processed in relay nodes using coding technology, and then be forwarded to the output links. Therefore, the bandwidth utilization ratio can be increased. Since the energy in wireless sensor networks is limited, in order to reduce the energy consumption, we study the multicast routing and broadcast routing based on network coding in wireless sensor network. The novelty and the main contributions of our work can be summarized as follows.1) For the multicast routing with fixed topology in wireless sensor networks, we present a routing algorithm for network coding multicast based on shareable links to cut down the number of links needed in the multicast routing paths in wireless sensor networks. We design the multicast propagative paths, on which network coding is applied. Taking into account the link sharing, we compute the shareability of each link and then select the link with maximum shareability to construct multicast paths successively. Random networks are utilized in our simulations, and the results show that the presented algorithm can reduce the bandwidth consumption about6%-15%. The presented algorithm shows some advantages in balancing the network loads while compared with Shortest Path Tree (SPT).2) For the multicast routing with unknown network topology in wireless sensor networks, we present a modified Ford-Fulkerson algorithm based on network coding and node-disjoint paths. The presented algorithm is designed to seek multicast paths and to reduce the number of active forwarding nodes. Moreover, the presented algorithm can balance the network load effectively. The experimental results show that the given algorithm can significantly improve the performance of wireless sensor networks and reduce the number of nodes needed in multicast session, and the transmission number can be dramatically decreased. In this sense, the energy consumption of each node is reduced and the network lifetime is expended.3) Multiple sinks may query different information from wireless sensor networks by broadcasting simultaneously, and then redundancy energy consumption becomes a key and challenge task. This paper presents an energy-saving broadcasting algorithm based on network coding (ESBNC). For the presented algorithm, only partial sensors perform the coding-forward operations. The main idea is that the nodes perform coding operation only depending on their neighbor nodes. Simulation results show that the presented algorithm can effectively reduce the amount of forwarding nodes as well as coding nodes according to different scale and density of networks. Therefore, the whole energy consumption and computing overheads are reduced and the performance of the wireless sensor networks can be improved.