The Donation Movement In The Rear Areas During The Anti-Japanese War

In order to support the long-term anti-Japanese war, the populace in the rear areas contributed a larger number of financial and material resources to reduce the financial pressure of the government in the donation movement. This movement did not just provide a morale boost for the front, but also promote the publicity movement of the anti-Japanese war. And the KMT government also advocated this patriotic movement of national salvation. Thus the exploration of the donation movement was an important aspect of the study of the national movement in the rear areas. But unfortunately, there was still no detailed discussion in this field by now. This present paper aimed to summarize the donation movement in the rear areas during the anti-Japanese war, by investigating it from a variety of aspects, such as background, development, forms of organization, achievements and characteristics.This paper was composed of preface and main text. The preface was a brief introduction of the reasons for selecting this subject, research review on this field and research methods used.The main text consisted of five parts. The first part explored the background of the donation movement in the rear areas, and explained its necessity and possibility from the following perspectives:the worsening financial situation of the KMT government, the intensified social problems, and the formation of the rear base during the war. The second part discussed the rise and development of the donation movement according the time sequence and campaign situation. And it mainly focused on those large-scale donation activities which led by the government and carried out in a planned, organized way, in the rear southwest China (Sichuan and Chongqing areas) after the capital moving to Chongqing. The third part expounded the main organizational forms of the donation movement and those government departments involved in the movement. It also described its fund management. The fourth part summarized the achievements of the donation movement and analyzed the main factors that had influence on the movement, such as regulations of the donation which established by the central and local governments, and the support of all society. The fourth part also explored some problems of the movement, such as the discrepancy between the policy and the actual operation, and the discrepancy between the publicized amount and the actual amount. The last part concluded the characteristics of the movement in the rear areas and its significance and influence.