Evaluation Of Intervention Effects About Knowledge Attitude And Behavior Of Nutrition On Higher Vocational Students

BackgroundHealth is a fundamental human right, which is an important part of human development. With the development of China’s high-speed economic growth and enviable achievements is inconsistent, but human health in China lags behind the economic developed countries for a long time. The leading cause of premature death and disability was chronic non-communicable diseases in China. And heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes were so far the most important causes of death in the world. Two consecutive years in2010and2011, the World Economic Forum recommended that governments should develop effective policies and national plannings and response to reduce the economic and social development risk.In2005the world health organization "preventing chronic diseases:a vital investment" and report of chronic disease in China in2006pointed out that three main behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases are unreasonable diet, lacking of physical activity, smoking.Unreasonable dietary health risk behaviors are health-related behavior. Nutritional health education is an effective mean to change the irrational dietary behavior. Through nutrition education in Japan, Japanese life expectancy is the highest in the world, the height of young men and women improved greatly. School nutrition education in the United States reduced29%of deaths due to heart disease. The experience of developed countries proved:health education is economic and effective nutritional interventions. School nutrition education also began in1996in China, but the impact of health education is not significant due to a variety of factors, the incidence of unhealthy dietary behaviors in students is high.Knowledge-attitude-belief-practice (KAP) model appeared in the field of medical research method in the early1970’s, and has been applied in nutrition. The model indicates that the process of behavioral change is the transformation of knowledgeâ†'attitudeâ†'behavior. Through learning, nutrition and health related knowledge and skills will gradually form health beliefs and attitudes, which will lead to the generation of healthy dietary behavior. At present, a large number of studies have shown a high incidence of bad behavior of college students in China. Compared with ordinary college students, the low entry level of higher vocational students with lighter academic burden, more free time, relatively independent economy, and eating small chance constrained, the prevalence of poor eating behaviors is also high. And in view of the higher vocational students of nutrition education intervention is less, This study aims to understand the nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice of higher vocational students present situation, affecting factors, targeted to carry out the nutrition intervention, to improve the nutritional knowledge level, to change the concept of health and bad eating behavior. Thus, it has very important significance to improve the health quality of the prevention and control of chronic diseasesObjectivesTo investigate and analyze the status of nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior in Shandong province at some higher vocational college, and to analyze the main factors influencing the level of nutrition knowledge attitude behavior of higher vocational students, the study can improve their nutrition knowledge attitude line level method and evaluate the efficacy of the intervention, chronic disease for nutritional health education in higher vocational students and education provides the basis.MethodsAccording to "KAP" theory, using a home-made vocational students nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behavior questionnaire, we carried out a cross-sectional survey of980vocational students in Shandong Province; through two sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression to analyse the main factors of vocational students nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behavior; enactment of nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior intervention programs, and we conducted a parallel control design with320vocational students were randomly selected and were divided into control group and intervention group (n=160)to compare intervention between the two groups before and after the nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behavior change.Main Results1Of980students, the nutrition knowledge score range of0-42points, scored an average of8.50points, scored an average of6.17points, including basic nutrition knowledge, disease nutritional knowledge scored an average of2.33points; Nutritional attitude score range0～13points, scored an average of5.89points; Nutrition behavior score range of0～68, scored an average of30.33points.2Mother culture degree and spending on food are the main influence factors for nutrition knowledge attitude behavior of higher vocational students.(P<0.05).3Before intervention in the control group and intervention group general materials, nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior of score difference are not significant (P>0.05);Three months after the intervention, the difference between control group and intervention group the nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior of each dimension score and total score were significant (P<0.01);The difference between control group and intervention group of nutritional knowledge, attitude toward the subject to answer the result there is significant (P<0.01); The difference between control group and intervention group the eating behavior of some topic answer results was not significant (P>0.05);Intervention group before and after their nutrition knowledge attitude behavior that each dimension score and total score were significant difference (P<0.01);Control group before and after their nutrition knowledge attitude behavior each dimension score and total score have no significant difference (P>0.05).Conclusions1The level of nutrition knowledge attitude behavior of higher vocational students is low, but they also have a strong desire to acquire knowledge.2Mother culture degree and food costs into the regression equation are the main influencing factors for nutrition knowledge attitude behavior of higher vocational students.3In a variety of methods of health education KAP theory can effectively improve the level of nutrition knowledge attitude and behavior of college students, in which knowledge level improvement, health behavior has improved significantly, but some dietary behavior change is not obvious, further studies should explore more effective health education method.