Research On The Equalization Of Medical And Health Services In Urban And Rural Area In Our Country

In recent years, with the rapid growth of china’s economy and the continuous improvement of people’s living standard, the demand for basic medical and health services of all residents becomes higher and higher. However, the inequality of basic medical and health services between urban and rural areas in our country has become even more obvious. The inequality of urban and rural basic medical and health services will not only affect the people’s health, but also cause a series of social issues. Therefore, our government has clearly put forward these following policies in17th CPC national congress:"Establishing the basic system of medical care to enhance the health quality of the entire people","Strengthening the responsibility of our government and increasing investment, improving health policies of national people, encouraging social participation, and constructing the systems of public health services, medical care, medicine supply guarantee system, which will cover all the urban and rural residents, in order to provide safe, effective, convenient and cheap medical care and health services for the common people.Realizing the equalization of medical and health services in urban and rural area in our country and enhancing the construction level of basic medical and health services in rural regions, will not only improve the living standard of rural people, return the benefit to people, but also correspond to the target of coordinated development of urban and rural areas raised in the17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. This paper aims at analyzing the existing problems within the equalization of China’s urban and rural basic medical and health services and trying to figure out countermeasures and suggestions.The whole article consists of3parts besides the introduction.The first part summarized several theories of urban and rural basic medical and health services which includes three aspects:(1) The definition of basic concepts, e.g. the urban and rural areas, the basic medical and health services, the equalization, and the equalization of basic medical and health services;(2) Theoretical bases, which described the importance of research on the equalization of urban and rural basic medical and health services by using the theories of public goods, fairness and justice, new public management and service-oriented government;(3) Index evaluation system, which respectively stated the construction principles, index design and evaluation methods of the index evaluation system of the equalization of urban and rural basic medical and health services.The second part, by comprehensive analyzing of medical and health data of Chenzhou City, work out the existing problems and their reasons in basic medical and health service in our country. Specifically:(1) the existing problems are:big gap in medical and heath resources allocation between urban and rural areas, unequal medical security system between urban and rural areas, medical and health input cost difference considerably between urban and rural areas;(2) the reasons area: inadequate conversion of governmental function,"offside" and "absence" of functions co-exist; public health fiscal system incomplete, current transfer payment system is not perfect, institutional constraints of Dualistic-Structure in urban and rural area.The third part proposed several countermeasures and suggestions on the basis of analysis result of the reasons for the unequalization of basic medical and health services in urban and rural areas, and in consideration of our national condition;(1) convert government functions, strengthen the responsibility of equalization of urban and rural basic medical and health services, and accelerate the convention from the economic development-oriented government to public service-oriented government;(2) establish integrated urban and rural medical security system, gradually to implement unified medical security system management and handling agency, move forward to urban and rural medical security system integration;(3) eradicate the Dualistic-Structure of resident registration in urban and rural areas, establish unified urban and rural resident registration system;(4) complete health fiscal system, divide rationally in health business power and financial power in different government level, innovate basic medical and health service supply mechanism, and optimize financial transfer payment system...