Study On Usage Of The Elderly Of Comprehensive Park In Harbin

As the economy develops rapidly, population aging has become the common problem of the world. Our country is also facing a severe test of the population aging. On the one hand due to the growing number of elderly population, on the other hand due to the slow update of the related facilities is difficult to meet the basic needs of the elderly, so how to make the elderly healthily spend their remaining years both physically and mentally has become an urgent social problem.The author, from the landscape perspective, in accordance with the theoretical summary field research-identify problems-the idea of problem-solving research, study the usage of elderly facilities of Harbin City Parks. The aim of the study is to optimize the design of Harbin City parks to create a more comfortable and safe outdoor environment for the elderly. The main contents are:Firstly, find out the basic characteristics and the special needs of the park from the older people’s point of view. Then summarize them to provide a theoretical basis for later study.Secondly, the author use the Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) theory supported by Harbin City Parks and Green status of data collection to summarize, combined with research to determine four integrated parks:Harbin Shangzhi Gong Park, the ancient pear, Zhaolin Park and Song Le parks as case study. Do questionnaire and observation of the combination of field research. The questionnaires and observation of the contents of the system design will be kept in order to post-survey if the facilities in the park will be fully used by elder.Thirdly, the author analyzes the survey results on three aspects:the basic situation of the parks, the elderly satisfaction with the parks and the attractive points of the parks for the older people by the percentage function, Likert scale and Shas scale method respectively. To compensate for the deficiencies of the questionnaire survey, part of the activities of the elderly behavior was observed, including running, rest, chatting, sightseeing, fishing, singing, dancing, destructive activities and so on.Finally, on the basis of the analysis in the pre-questionnaire and observations, the author offers the operationally optimized recommendations in two aspects:management and planning and design to the construction of Harbin City Parks be available for the older people. On the management level, first to increase capital investment to optimize the park facilities, followed by changing concepts and improving management, then to establish and perfect relevant laws and regulations of the park management, and finally to enhance the awareness and improve the quality of elderly comfortable visiting. On the planning and design level, the author offers eights principles to optimize the design of the park:integrity, culture, respecting to the present situation, combining static and dynamic matters, spatial diversity, suitability, satisfaction different ages and barrier-free design. The author also propose specific requirements on optimization design that are the floors, stairs and slide road, information facilities, cleaning facilities, recreational facilities, lighting facilities, viewing facilities, entertainment and fitness facilities as well as the plants.