| Since China formally entered the threshold of aging society in 1999,its phenomenon of population aging has shown the characteristics of rapid and obvious development.A series of social problems caused by population aging have become thorny problems in modern society and urban development.One of the main reasons for the rapid expansion of the elderly population at this stage is the continuous development of urbanization and re-urbanization.High density,high floor area ratio and large-scale urban design are common in modern urban construction,which increasingly highlights the contradiction between the living habits and daily activities of the elderly.Urban park green space is one of the most frequent urban public activity spaces for the elderly in their daily outdoor leisure activities.The demand of the elderly for Urban park green space is not only increasing the demand for "quantity" with the absolute growth of the population,but also increasing the pursuit of "quality" with the continuous improvement of the quality of life of the elderly.Therefore,how to build suitable urban park green space for the elderly outdoor activities,to create a safe,comfortable and good outdoor environment for the elderly,so that they will not feel lonely and lonely in the current fast-paced social life,and improve the quality of life of the elderly,is of essential importance.Firstly,through the literature research on urban park green space,the elderly and the suitability for the elderly,this thesis sorts out and defines the research progress and related concepts of urban park green space suitability at home and abroad,and summarizes the changes of physiological,psychological and behavioral characteristics of the elderly and the demand for urban park green space by combining with the relevant contents of elderly ergonomics and behavioral psychology,On this basis,through two stages of exploratory research and formal research,this thesis makes an extensive field survey on the current situation of the urban park green space suitability for the elderly in Harbin City,the activities and characteristics of the elderly in the park.Secondly,on the basis of the existing theoretical research and field research,this paper scientifically and rigorously selects aging adaptability indicators of urban park greenbelt for aging,constructs the evaluation system of urban park green space for aging by using Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process,and determines the index weights of each criterion layer and target layer.The weight order of each index in the criteria level was: Environmental Safety(0.3564),environmental comfort(0.2907),health interaction(0.2152),and spatial accessibility(0.1378).In the index layer,the five most prominent indicators affecting the urban park’s suitability for the aged are: C1 space layout security,C3 space facilities security,C6 landscape amenity,while the weight value of C19 children’s recreation facilities installation,C15 facilities convenience,C14 unobstructed level of sight is relatively small,that is,their impact on the urban park’s adaptability for the aged is relatively small.Finally,questionnaire survey was conducted on the satisfaction of the elderly in four typical parks,namely Shangzhi Park,Taiping Park,Jianguo Park and Jingyu Park,to collect the satisfaction level of the elderly on the indicators of urban parks.By using Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation,the satisfaction degree of each index is evaluated and graded.The comprehensive evaluation results of Shangzhi park are as follows: the comprehensive evaluation score of Shangzhi park is 3.3662,and the satisfaction rating is “satisfied”;The satisfaction score of Taiping park is 3.1721,and the rating is “satisfied”;The satisfaction score of Jianguo park is 2.6172,and the rating is is “generally satisfied”;The satisfaction score of Jingyu park is 3.0626,and the rating is “satisfied”.Combined with IPA analysis method,the four quadrant chart of each level index item of the sample park is drawn,and the index items that need to be optimized are determined.Based on the analysis and research of four typical parks in Harbin,according to the existing problems,the thesis puts forward the design strategies for the aging adaptability of urban park green space in Harbin from the four aspects of environmental safety,environmental comfort,space accessibility and health interaction,so as to provide reference for the optimization,transformation and management construction of the existing urban park green space in Harbin,At the same time,Harbin,as a typical Winter City,according to the existing research results combined with the characteristics of other cities,provides some ideas for the planning and design,site layout and facility design of new urban parks in other similar regions of China under the background of accelerating the evolution of aging society at this stage,so as to create a more safe,convenient and comfortable outdoor leisure space for the elderly. |
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