Study Of Image Detection Algorithm For The Typical Malfunction Of Pantograph Slide

With the rapid development of the high-speed railway industry continuously, the transportation security demands more and more. Pantograph is one of the important components which provide power to electric locomotive and metro. The surface of the slide is next to the contact wire, and they form a pair of special friction pair, when the abrasion of the slide is greater than a threshold, the inclination of bow head and horns missing will cause significant vehicle accident, seriously endanger security. Therefore, it is very important for accurately detecting the abrasion value, judging the bow head inclination and horns missing of transportation.A pantograph detection method taking on image measurement techniques has been proposed in this paper, which is a non-contact and non-stopping inspecting means with the online detection. Image measurement technology widely used in filed of measurement is primarily applied in this pantograph detection system, and it makes sure the system meets the requirement of high efficiency, high precision and so on.First, this paper thoroughly investigates some detecting technologies for pantograph and metro development situations at home and abroad, on the basis of the adoption image measurement technologies to detect pantograph. Secondly, it analyzes in detail the overall system design schemes, detection principles and the relevant image algorithms of slide abrasion detection system, bow head inclination detection system and horns missing detection system. In the image preprocessing, it introduces the image enhancement technology and the filter technology combined with the morphology to reduce the effect of image formation caused by uneven illuminate and so on factors. In edge detection, an improved Canny algorithm is proposed, which reduces the loss of edge information and guarantees the accuracy of abrasion detection in a certain extent. The bow head inclination detection system uses Radon transformation in calculation gradient that is a simple method. In horns missing detection system, it displayed a judgment of horns missing methods in the innovation. Finally, this thesis describes test process and test results of pantograph detection, and the results are analyzed and investigated showing that the system can accomplish expected detection tasks, with non-contact, high efficiency, high precision and so on advantages. The results of research propose certain theoretical and practical significance for pantograph detection system of high-speed railway in China.