Optimization Studies, Public Library Services Based On Niche Theory

As the the developments of network technology, informative economy and informative technology, the public libraries face more and more user competitions from each one, informative service industries and other institutions.In such a competitive environment, public libraries have to be faced with that the user to museum rate is low, book's circulation rate declines, and yet utilization of library electronic resources is low, et al. In order to alleviate the phenomena, the library's experts and scholars are trying to find reasonable measures, such as adjusting the structure of library, establishing perfect public library service system, and the implementing interlibrary's cooperation and sharing resources, to provide users with diversified service, etc. Talking a broad view of these measures, almost all lack of quantitative research and science of specific measures to solve the problems. This paper introduced the ecology niche theory of ecology, it is inspired that through quantitative analysis and research, and then it provides the concrete measures of public library service optimization based on the scientific arguments.In view of that the individual library's environment and the biological environment in ecology sense has many similarities of reference, with ecological theory this paper is provided first library population, library community and the concept of library ecological system, and based on this, provided the concept of library niche. And then based on the concept of library niche and combining the nature of public library itself, it further provided the concept of public library niche - that the public library in social and ecological environment and certain scope (can be a national, regional) in the library system have occupied specific location.Based on the concept of public library niche under the network environment, and combining the user's information consumption behavior's change and change of public library's competitive environment, this paper will make change of time and space, resources, service as reasons of influencing public library service optimization, i.e., the main factors of the public library of ecological factor, and eventually determine resources and services as its important ecological factors. Based on the ecological factors of public libraries, this paper established the thesis research core - point, and surface displacement model and by using this model concretely analyzed three public library niche in the research of the current situation, the way to realize the quantitative analysis of the public library development itself and its ecological communities and ecological system in the position for its future, provides the theory's basis for the further development of science.Finally, based on the ecology niche theory, the public library provided three measures service optimization, namely consolidate niche for niche the accurate positioning and dislocation competition, expand actual niche expand public library service development space, and seeking a symbiotic niche.