| Forest is one of the most important elements of ecological environment and it is the basis of forestry. Dynamics of forest resources and management can make a thorough investigation of types, quantity, quality, and distribution of forest of woodland and forest wood resources. The state of nature, social economy of the investigated areas, are objectively reflectedand, we can have a full master and knowledge of the state of forest resources, the law of growth and decline and the state of forest management. The scientific prediction on dynamic change of forest resources can be made on the basis of that. Thus it can provide fundamental material and basis for cultivation, protection and development of forest resources, make a record of forest resources and draw up a plan for forest utilization and forest harvesting quota. GIS is a computer system dealing with input, output, management, inquiry, analysis of geographical data and assisting making policies. It has a powerful space analyzing function and charting function as well as flexible applying patterns, making it a powerful tool of making research into the law of dynamic change of forest resources.With the help of the relevant mathematical analysis approach, this thesis made an investigation of dynamics, landscape patterns and dynamic prediction of forest resources based on the theoretical foundation of forest management and ecology, which employed GIS as a platform of system management. Its information sources came from data and figure map of forest resources of Sanming City. The result indicated as follows:1) From 1996 to 2005, the area of forest land and stocked land of Sanming City increased steadily. Although forest coverage rose and fell, it usually kept a level of 76.8%. The area of the arbuscle forest land decrease sharply, and the open forest land and non-matured forest land had a trend of decrease, while the area of non-stocked land increased progressively. The area of the main forest species such as protective forests and special-purpose forests increased comparatively faster, while, as a whole, the area of economic forests increased rather slowly; the area of fuel forests decreased rather fast, while the area of timber forests decreased. As to the growing stock, standing timber has had a trend of increase since 1996, while open-growth tree and four sides tree have increased with little fluctuation. The growing stock of the main forest species such as timber forests, protective forests, and special-purpose forests had a trend of increase, while that of fuel forests kept almost unchanged. As for the forest resources, the area of the planted forests increased, while the area of nature forests decreased year after year. From the analysis of the structure of the age of stand of timber forest, the timber forest and over mature forests increased rapidly both in the area and growing stock, while young-age forests and mid-age forests decreased year after year; The area of mature decreased rather slowly while its growing stock changed little. As to the composition of forest resources, the proportion of timber forests and fuel forest lowered, while that of shelter forests, economic forests and bamboo forests increased.2) In Sanming region, the diversity index, evenness index and shatter index were all low, the dominance index was a little higher. The shatter index of some single forest landscape (other forests) rose quickly. All these indicated that dominant landscape types (forests of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata) exiting in the area, and the forest landscapes were comparatively integrated. But with the increase of intensity of human interference, the system of the opening was strong. Patches tended to getting small and small that presented a straight line and right angle appearance.3) The open forest land, arbuscle forest land, non-matured forest land and non-stocked land are the four most active types of dynamic changes of forest land areas of Sanming City, among which the area and the proportion of open forest decreased by a big margin. The trend of it was stocked land, non-stocked land and non-forested land; the area and the proportion of non-matured forest land, whose trend was stocked and non-stocked land; the area and proportion of arbuscle forest land decreased whose trend was non-stocked land and non-forested land; the area of non-forested had a trend of increase whose new resources are mainly stocked forest land, open forest land and arbuscle forest land.In brief, this study provided scientific basis for drawing up policies of sustainable development of forestry of Sanming City and it had technological basis and applying value for promoting informationization of the management of forest resources. |
