Jilin Province Pseudo-branched Filaments Is (scytonema)

Scytonema is one genus of sub-aerial blue-green algae with nitrogen fixation ability. They can synthesize carbohydrate with photosynthesis; proceed nitrogen fixation to fix N2 in atmosphere; it can secrete polysaccharide to solidify soil, and enhance the capability of soil to hold water, therefore it 's a good source of organic nourishment and can be used to improve the soil quality. Many characterizations enable it to grow in execrable environment. In this paper, Scytonema in Jilin Province was studied completely .Over 500 pieces of sub-aerial algae specimens which collected from Sanjiaolongwan, Changling, Changbai Mount, Fusong County, Wunv Mount, etc. were identified, The result shows there are 25 species in Scytonema in Jilin Province. They are the followings: S. cineraceum, sp. nov., S. granulatum , sp. nov., S. javanicum (Kütz.) Bornet ex Born.et Flah, S. schimidti Gom., S. julianum (Kütz.) Menegh., S. coactile Montagne ex Born. et Flah., S. ocellatum Lyngbye ex Born. et Flah., S. pseudoguyanense Bharadwaja, S. hofmanii Ag. ex Born. et Flah., S. stupsum (Kütz.) Bornet ex Born. et Flah, S. pascheri Bharadwaja, S. tolypothrichoides Kützing ex Born. et Flah., S. myochrous (Dillw.) Ag. Ex Born.et Flah, S. fremyii nom. nov., S. pseudopunctatum Skuja, S. multiramosum Gardner, S. varium Kütz ex Born et Flah, S. pseudohofmanii Bhadwaja, S. crassum Nügeli ex Born et Flah, S. guyanense (Mont.) Bornet et Flahault, S. bohnei Schmidle, S. coactile Montagne ex Born . et Flah., S. fritschii Ghose, S. burmanicum Skuja, S. millei Bernet ex Born. Et Flah., S. chiastum Geitler, Morphological descriptious of these species were described, the ecological environment and collected location were also included in this paper, then an index on Scytonema in Jilin Province was compiled.In addition to identification of species, their characteristic distribution in natural environment were studied using scan electron microscope, and great emphasis were put on the observation of the interaction between Scytonema and soil, rock, bark. Liquid incubator experiment was made with the specimen kept under dry condition.The results show, most of them lost activity after being conserved for a long time, but specimen which collected within a week have activity, while most of S. javanicum which collected from saline-alkaline land, grows well.After a detailed research, a lot of good characteristics of Scytonema was discovered. So we can reach the conclusion that S. javanicum can be considered as a pioneer in the improvement of desert soil.