A Study On The Relationship Between Fairness And Efficiency Of Income Distribution In China

Income distribution is an important problem concerning the country's economic development and construction of a harmonious society,fairness and efficiency is a major research subject of income distribution system reform. How to correctly handle fairness and efficiency in the field of income distribution will have great practical significance on China's current economic reform and socialist construction.In the tradition of the old system on early days of New China ,the issue of fairness and efficiency too much focus on fairness. We advocateed a goal that the extent of people's communes is more bigger more better;the degree of public ownership is more higher more better, socialism is more purer more better, and allocation is egalitarian . The results seriously dampened the enthusiasm and creativity of workers, not only failed to achieve fairness and severely damaged the efficiency and China's economic development In the current period of China's economic reform, although the problem of egalitarianism have been improved to some extent, but the growing trend has emerged, fairness become a severe problem which also led to an imbalance between fairness and efficiency. This article attempts to study fairness and efficiency in the field of income distribution and give some suggests to achieve the harmonious development of fairness and efficiency.This paper is divided into four parts, firstly,the first part define the meaning of fairness and efficiency , Fairness and efficiency are the eternal pursuit of the value of goals, all belong to the social and historical context, the extension of both involve the political, economic, moral, cultural and other aspects . However, this paper will define fairness and efficiency in the field of income distribution, pointed out that a fair distribution of income mainly from the beginning is fair, the process was fair and the result is fair, the three links are essential, together constitute a fair distribution of income. efficiency mainly fefers economic efficiency, that is the ratio of consumed resources and production in the process of economic production ,simply, is the ratio of input and output. Secondly, I used method of dialectical materialism of Marxism demonstrates the relationship between efficiency and fairness.The confrontation between the two main is not too much in pursuit of efficiency, or the pursuit of income fairness, Excessive pursuit of efficiency is bound to lead to polarization, and ultimately undermine a fair; the pursuit of income equality, would damage the efficiency of implementation; unity of the two: efficiency is the basis of achieving fairness;in turn,fairness may promote further efficiency achieved. Therefore, we can not only emphasis on fairness or efficiency, we should emphasis on fairness and efficiency to achieve the dynamic balance of fairness an efficiency. The second part review some of the major Marxist (Marx, Lenin, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping) on the theory and pratice of fairness and efficiency and Western economists regard to choice of fairness and efficiency (giving priority to efficiency theory, the priority of fairness, equity and efficiency in both theory), Them about the gain and loss of fairness and efficiency have a important meaning to deal with fairness and efficiency for us. The third part analyzes the problems of fairness, mainly from the beginning of unfairness, the process of unfairness and the result of unfairness. the beginning of unfairness and the process of unfairness have led to the result of unfairness.The beginning of unfairness mainly manifests in an unfair educational opportunities, employment opportunities, as well as trade monopolies and local protectionism . The process of unfairness was mainly caused by Imperfect system and Irregular management . China's market economy system is not perfect, illegal activities are rampant, so that some people rely on illegal business activities to reap huge profits, leading to a widening income gap between people; There are shortcomings in the political system led to serious problems of corruption, so that some people receive a large number of illegal income; In addition, our imperfect tax system, as well as lack of supervision led to huge loss of revenue, so that the tax system are not well play a role in regulating income distribution. These problems have led to the process of unfairness. Result of unfairness mainly reflect the expansion of income gap between urban and rural,among regionals and among industries.we only solve the issue of fairness,fairness and efficiency can be achieved the harmonious development . In the fourth part of this I propose some policy recommendations to deal with the problem of fairness. Firstly, we should create a fair distribution policy on the starting point: To develop education, to ensure fair educational opportunities; To promote the free movement of labor to guarantee full employment; To break the administrative monopoly and encourage competition. Only by ensuring a fair starting point in order to ensure a fair process and results. Secondly, we must improve policy of the process of fairness and the result of fairness : Improving and perfecting the socialist market economic system; Strengthen building of political system ; Improving the tax system, strengthening publicity and regulation;establishing a sound social security system. These policy are useful in narrowing the income gap between people, achieve fairness. Only the problem of fairness can be satisfactorily resolved, fairness and efficiency can be able to go from the imbalance to harmonious development.