Housing Demand Analysis Of Old People And Study On Developing Countermeasures

Ageing is a tendency of current world population. This shift of age structure has a wide and deep effect on various aspects of human societal life. Ageing has become a very important population problem of different countries. In 1960s and 1970s, America and European developed countries started exploiting old people housing and now it has become a pillar of mature housing industry.As a country of largest population in the world, China's ageing society has some specialty which is different from other countries owing to Chinese economic and political specialty. Chinese population ageing shows such characteristics as rapid speed, old age, large cardinal number, big regional difference, low consciousness of self-support and societal support for old people, the process of ageing coming ahead of economic development.China's population ageing has brought about a lot of influence to society and family life. Housing is one of the most urgent problems brought about by ageing. At present, with the change of family structure,pattern of providing for the aged and living mode of the aged, existing mode of provide for the aged doesn't match modern family structure. The living mode of old people has new changes and has created conditions of old people housing market development.From current living situation of the aged, we can find out that current living environment isn't satisfactory. Current housing can't meet the need of old people's physiological changes. Facilities for old people are in short supply in current living area. Current housing can't fit the change of old people living in groups. China is a country believing in Confucian culture and has formed a traditional mode of family supporting for old people. Traditional concepts such as rearing children against old age, parents'dominance status, several generations living together are deep-rooted. In current Chinese society, the main support mode of old people is family supported. But with"four-two-one"supporting relationship and change of societal concepts, family supporting of old people has turned to society.The article analyzes old people's need of housing from three aspects: First, current situation of population ageing becomes an objective factor of increasing need of housing of old people, it provides a large market and a wide developing space for old people housing product. Secondly, current housing condition, family structure, supporting mode of old people and consuming idea of old people are all subjective drive for housing demand of old people. Finally, improved current and future purchasing power of old people in China is an objective material base for housing demand of old people.As to the development of old people's housing, it is necessary to understand situations in foreign countries. The construction of old people housing has begun in North Europe in 1970s. It has been developed in North America, Europe, Eastern Asia and has got a lot of theoretical achievements and practical experience. Generally speaking, housing of old people has gone through three stages in developed countries: old people's housing without obstacle, mixed evolving housing, general housing fit to ageing society.Under the influence of traditional individualism, European and American countries pay much attention to develop societal old people supporting facilities, especially America develop old people community rapidly. Housing for old people in America has become a fairly mature property management. From the point of national welfare system, it solved the housing problem of old people and has become a necessity of society development. From the point of market, it has great market vitality because of lower price than ordinary residence, meeting housing need of old people in various aspects, and the support of government.Asian countries are influenced by Confucian ideas, in order to eliminate the lash and weakening of its function that changes of modern societal living mode, changes of family ideas and the tendency of small family made to the environment of family supporting old people, have made a lot pf efforts to maintain and improve the environment of family supporting old people and create new living mode.Within China, with ageing problems getting severe and severe, in property market, there are some developers notice the huge market potential for old people housing. Draw lessons from American old people housing developing mode, they tried to develop some old people housing projects, implementing American old people housing developing mode in China. Eastern Sun City in Peking and Beijing Sun City are typical examples.At present, China's economic growth level and market maturity degree is very limited. It needs policy support to carry out government functions, arouse societal forces sufficiently. Government, consumers and developers concern from different point of view and make mutual efforts.Firstly, there must be a relatively clear population ageing policy nationwide. First, establish and perfect societal ensure system and this is an important base to form old people industry demand. Second, perfect relating law, regulation and this is an ensure condition of solving the problems of old people housing. Third, set up economic policies to speed up the development of old people housing.Secondly, strengthen the lead and support of housing enterprise. Attract foreign capital through government support. Government should take necessary methods and measures to strengthen guide and support of developers. Developers'investment can be attracted through preferential policy. In the meantime, we should make correct guide to developing old people's housing.Thirdly, the living mode of old people has direct effect on housing demand. We should initiate old people living mode suitable to national conditions. In current society, old people supporting mode is mainly family supporting, secondary society supporting, and sometimes combination of the two modes. The article discusses new concepts suitable to this old people supporting mode: mutual help style of old people housing that live separately and nearly, separated and not far. On one hand, it keeps high independence of old people's family and their children's family; on the other hand, it is convenient to look after each other and feeling communication, suitable to our national conditions, fit to the development of society, and now it is an ideal living mode of old people.Finally, solving the purchasing problem of old people housing through various channels: counter- purchase and mortgage of old housing, improve asset flow of old residence, purchasing housing on"mutual contract"loans in order to share the pressure of old people's purchasing housing, purchasing housing on opposite mortgage loan.With changes of old people's supporting mode, relative societal ensure policies appear on the stage, good market environment is forming. Old people housing developing industry is about to thrive, that is to say, it will turn to a sunrise industry from a sunset industry. New century is a good chance to master chance, turn challenges into opportunities. We can make use of this big consumer groups to lead a huge market, and finally obtain economic and societal benefits explore developing potential of old people housing sufficiently and drive Chinese property market develop healthily.