Rearch On Characteristics Of County Surplus Labor Transfer

At present, the problem of "peasants, agriculture and villages" increasingly becomes key and difficult point in building a well-off and harmonious society. Huge rural population and agricultural labor is one of the most important reasons causing the problem, which results in low agricultural efficiency and peasants' impoverishment. The key point solving the problem of "peasants, agriculture and villages" is to transfer rural surplus labor force effectively and orderly. The core of building harmonious society is the complete resolution of three rural-related problems, while that of the problem of "peasants, agriculture and villages" is the low peasants' income relative to urban citizens. The transfer of rural labor to nonagricultural industries is a primary way increasing peasants' income. That way can also rise per capita rural resources and enhance agricultural efficiency and profit, which may help solve the problem of "peasants, agriculture and villages" completely.This paper analyzed dynamic characteristics of agricultural labor force since the reform and opening-up in Lianshui County of Jiangsu province. Amount of agricultural labor came to 278 thousand, decreasing by 6.8% relative to 1987. Therefore agricultural labor did not change largely, while the quantity of total rural work force increased largely and quickly, rising by 42.6% from 1987 to 2005. Thus ratio of agricultural labor to that in the whole rural area dropped intensely, slipping from almost 85% in 1987 to 55.5% in 2005. It could be concluded that large amount of agricultural labor transferred during this period. What to be noted was that agricultural labor force flew back in 2004, increasing 4.3% compared to 2003. The phenomenon occurred under the circumstance that shortage of farmer workers happened in the spring of 2004.Clustering analysis was applied to various villages and towns by the percentage of each industry labor on total rural labor. The results showed that the country surplus labor transfer direction and process varied a lot. Generally, the agricultural industry labor rate decreased fast meanwhile the rate of tertiary industry increased, especial in high develop economic towns. It indicated a mode of jumping on labor transfer in Lianshui County. Analysis of economic correlation indicated that peasants' per capita net income was correlated negatively to the amount of agricultural labor, but not significantly. While the relationship between GDP (gross domestic product) and the amount of agricultural labor was significantly negative correlation with the correlation coefficient of -0.80. Since the reform and opening-up, national economic structure has changed largely in Lianshui. The contribution rate of primary industry dropped largely from 67.4% in 1980 to 38.1% in 2005. However, that of the second and third industry showed reversely, increasing from 17.9% and 15.3% to 33% and 28.9%, respectively. The proportion of primary industry indicated significant negative correlation. While significant positive correlation was observed between amount of agricultural labor and the second and third industries.