| The investigation on avian diversity can provide ecological information for airport, because it has a guiding significance for finding out the factor to attract birds in airport, confirming the high-risk birds, and the work of bird strike prevention. From June 2013 to June 2014, we conducted a survey on plant, insect, amphibian, reptile, small mammal and bird in the area of Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport.By means of quadrat method and belt transect method, we fond the main plant communities in Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport were Lolium temulentum-Paspalum distichum, Erigeron annum, Kummerowia stipulacea-Aster subulatus, Erigeron annum-Aster subulatus, and Pennisetum alopecuroides-Setaria glauca. The main plant communities out of Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport, which attract birds, were deciduous broadleaved mixed forest, evergreen coniferous forest, crops vegetation, and aquatic vegetation. By the metheds of net trap, quadrat and light trap,153 insect species were fond in Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport, which belonged to 14 family,66 orders and 132 genuses. The insect species in Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera accounted for 26.80%,26.14% and 10.45% of total respectively, and they are the main factors to attract canivorus birds in the area of Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport. By the metheds of line transect, we fond 6 species of amphibian and reptile, they were Bufo bufogargarizans, Fejervarya multistriata, Pelophylax nigromaculata, Pelophylax plancyi, Lycodon rufozonatus and Zoacys dhumnades, and they could be the main factors to attract wading birds and raptors flying into airport. We couldn’t catch any small mammal through the methods of trapping day and trapping night. But we fond 2 Crocidura attenuate in the process of other survey. Maybe small mammals isn’t the main factor to attract birds flying into airport for there low density.130 species were observed by transect line and counting points in the area of Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport, which belonged to 13 family and 39 orders. There were 50 species (38.46%) of resident birds,41 species (31.54%) of summer migrants,29 species (22.31%) of winter migrants and 10 species (7.69%) of passing migrants. It had an obvious seasonal change for avian community composition in the area of this airport. The bird species in spring and summer was obviously higher than that in autumn and winter. June, July, August and November were the periods with the highest frequency of bird activities throughout the year. It is important to pay attention to the seasonal change of bird populations, and take corresponding measures according birds activities in different seasons. The number of bird obseverd in airpot was obviously less than it out of airport, and it show a significant difference on the level a=0.05.47 species (36.15% of the total number) were selected as the dangerous birds to fly through bird strike threat level assessment.Including I risk class 8 species, account for 6.15% of the total number of birds found in the airport; II risk class 23 species, account for 17.69% of the total number of birds found in the airport; III risk class 14 species, account for 10.77% of the total number of birds found in the airport.12 kinds Based on the analysis of Berger-Parker dominance index and bird strike threat level assessment, the most dangerous birds to fly were:Riparia riparia, Corvus frugilegus, Microsarcops cinreus, Coturnix japonica, Egretta garzetta, Bubulcus ibis, Ardeola bacchus, Alauda arvensis, Alauda gulgula, Streptopelia chinensis, Streptopelia orientalis, Streptopelia decaocto, Glareola maldivarum, Tringa ochropus, Gallinago gallinago, Charadrius dubius, Turdus hortulorum, Eurasian thrush, Turdus naumanni, Otus sunia, Asio flammeus, Glaucidium cuculoides, Amur falcon, Falco tinnunculus.In order to reduce the bird strike in Jiuhuashan airport effectively, some mesures on comprehensive improvement of the airport can be taken, such as controlling and reforming the forests and wetlands near Chizhou Jiuhuashan airport, strengthening the management on living garbage inside and outside the airport, improveing the anti-bird devices in airport, strengthening the bird researches and information managements, establishing the artificial bird habitats. |
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