Study On The Community Structure And Diversity About Aves Of Basu County In Tibet

From August to November 2013 and May to August 2014, we use the methods of line transect and point count to survey the avian community structure and diversity in the 14 quadrats(1400 km2) which were randomly selected in Basu County. The area of the whole county is about 12564.28km2. Then analyzed and compared the avian community in 6 kinds of habitats.A total of 146 species(5432 birds) belong to 15 orders and 45 families were recorded. The 90 species were passeriform birds and the 56 species were nonpasserine birds. Among the rest 67.12% are residents, 98 species, 9.59% are summer visitors, 14 species, 17.8% are winter visitors, 26 species, and 5.48% are passage migrants, 8 species. Breeding birds, including the residents and the summer visitors are the main of the local Aves. From the perspective of ecological groups, the insectivorous birds and the songbirds are in a large population, the proportion is 47.26% and 60.28%. Basu County is at the junction of Oriental realm and Palaearctic realm, dominated by 63 species of Palaearctic birds and 58 species of cosmopolitan birds. And the remaining are 20 species of Oriental birds.The county has many rare Aves.13 species that endemic to China, 3 species are listed as grade Ⅰ national key protected species, 13 species are listed as grade Ⅱ national key protected species, 87 species are listed as the terrestrial wildlife under state protection which are beneficial, scientific and important economic value,16 species are listed in CITES.There are six different habitats in the county; as a result, we found that most birds were lived in the brushwood and highwood, which were 71 species and 65 species. And in different seasons or different heights, the distribution of the Aves is discrepant.In the whole species we found that the Egretta garzetta garzetta is the new bird record of Tibet, it is the residengt here.The number of the species living in the brushwood is the most, and the diversity index is the highest: brushwood>highwood>residential area>farmland>meadow>wetland, the birds lived in wetland that were not dominant.The Pielou index: brushwood>farmland>highwood >residential area > meadow > wetland,Sinmpson index:brushwood >highwood>farmland>residential area>meadow>wetland,so the Aves living in wetland are not preponderated. To contrast this six kinds of habitats, the highest of the similarity index is between the highwood and the brushwood, 35 species were mutual. The lowest of the similarity index is between the highwood and the wetland, 2 species were mutual.On the basis of the study about the community structure and diversity of Aves, we make suggestions for protection of the Aves and habitat for this county, is significant to its tourism development and rational utilization its tourism resources. This suvey and study result can provide the theoretical foundation and reference media for its environmental protection and scientific research.