The Studies On Avifauna And Community Structures In Dalinuoer Nature Reserve

The avifauna, ecological distribution and habitat status in Dalinuoer Nature Reserve of Inner Mongolia had been investigated from 1999 to 2001.188 bird species were recorded totally, which belongs to 98 genera, 38 families, 16 orders. 25 species are residents, 163 species are migrants which consists of 108 summer migrants, 53 passing birds, 2 winter migrants; among which, 36 species belonging to 10 families are the national protected birds and 12 species belonging to 8 families are the endangered birds of the world. The elements of Palaeoarctic realm play important roles in this avifauna and have some reciprocal permeation and intermediate characteristics of northeast and Mongo-xinjiang region. The findings indicated wetland habitat is the centre of bird distribution area.We selected 7 typical quadrats from 7 different sorts of wetland habitat to study avian community structure in Jan.2000 and Aug. 2001. All types of habitat are as follows: brackish deep lakes(l), lacustris bare shallows(2), freshwater shallows(3), Phragmites Adans marsh shallows(4), Suaeda glauca-Carex L. wet meadow(5), Achnatherum Beauv salt wet bushland(6), Salix L. lochmophyte(7).Water quality, vegetation and artificial disturbance regime were also analyzed in quadrats. Thefindings indicated that the species and quantities of bird have conspicuous difference among these quadrats and that the density of bird in August is higher than in Jane. The diversity index of birds in Jane: No.4>No.2>No.7>No.3>No.5>No.l>No.8.In Aug., No.4>No.2>No.7>No.3>No.6>No.5>No.l; the evenness index of birds in Jane: No.3 >No.2>No.5>No.l>No.7>No.4, the evenness index of birds in August: No.l>No.4> No.7>No.2>No.3>No.6>No.5; the dominance of bird in Jane: No.4>No.l>No.7>No.3 >No.2>No.5.In August, No.5>No.l>No.6>No.3>No.7>No.2>No.4; the density of bird in Jane: No.4>No.l>No.7>No.2>No.5>No.3, in August, No.4>No.l>No.7>No.2>No.6 >No.5>No.3; the results showed that avian community composition have certain correlation to food resource, shelter and artificial disturbance intensity.By means of the GIS software named arcview to interpret remote sensing image coming from Landsat-TM to determine distribution region and area of each landscape pattern, Furthermore, the avian habitat quality and ecological distribution were analyzed and studied to this protected area on the basis of them. We acquired that the environment heterogeneous and distribution pattern of this protected zone are convenient for bird's habitat. However, the reed marsh, wet meadow and osier-lochmophyte have formed high fragmented environments compared with other regions, so we should improve our protective consciousness further. In addition to analyzing the avian protection status and some main problems in this protected area some effective protective measurements had been proposed to this region.