The Flood Study During The Period Of The Republic Of China In Changde Area

Changde region is located in Jingjiang area, the middle reach of Yangtze River，Which belongs to the Dongting Lake and Dongting Lake District,。West leans onWuling Pillow Mountain, north to the southwest of Hubei, southwest to Yiyang, eastto Dongting Lake. Since the middle-late Ming Dynasty, frequent flood becamethe major natural disasters in the region and bought great harm to people’s life.So researching the flood in this area is very important.Changde area famine historical materials were systematically collected beforethe Republic of China, discussing the flood happened in detail; probing into the causeof the flood, reduction of disaster prevention and relief disaster, relief measures, floodimpact etc. Changde area had flood almost every year during the Republic of China,the flood was closely related to natural and social factor. Generally speaking, naturalfactors are too difficult to change. The cause of social factors such as the floodafforest vegetation destruction, seriously soil erosion; reclaiming land from thelake, enclosure; ineffective; war years; the disrepair of water could be changed. Inorder to reduce all kinds of losses caused by flood, the government had taken avariety of disaster prevention and reduction measures. Such as storage grains prepareagainst flood, water conservancy construction, a forestation and so on, to nip in thebud. Measures for flood prevention and reduction were a mere scrap of paper becauseof going contrary to its wishes during the execution. Because of natural or humanreason, the government had taken various measures to relief disaster: reducing tax,relieving emergency, relieving work, agricultural relief after the flood. But reliefworkers fill their own pockets, some measures were known as the "disaster relief”. Onthe contrary, it made the flood more serious. It didn’t change the situation of victims.Luckily, some charities appeared in the Republic of China. Some of their disasterrelief measures played an important role in impacting on relieving disaster and savingthe victims’ life. There were some disaster relieving measures which are effective, theflood was also caused extremely bad influence on agriculture, industry andcommerce, social order etc.The meaning of study during the period of the republic of China in Changde area flood is very significant. The first one is to rich local article discusses research; thesecond is to providing experiences and lessons for the prevention and treatment forour today’s society.