Research Of Clustering Routing Algorithms In Wireless Sensor Networks

As a new technique of collecting data, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have required more and more attentions both in military and civil fields. Wireless sensor networks consist of massive sensor nodes which are randomly deployed in monitoring region, forming multi-hop self-organized network systems through wireless communication. Due to the limited energy of sensor nodes, how to effectively use energy to prolong networks lifetime is one of the most important research topics for sensor networks.As an active branch of routing technology, cluster-based routing protocols have many advantages, such as network topology management, energy minimization, data aggregation and so on. At first, we investigate the system structure, the characteristic and the key technologies wireless sensor networks; we classify the existing typical routing protocols, and analyzed their design characteristics. And then, we choose the typical hierarchical routing protocol-LEACH as the research object, it describes the principle and mechanism of LEACH. and compares several representative improved routing protocols.At last, based on the analysis, this paper presents a responsive clustering hybrid routing algorithm. In the set-up phase, the nodes implementing this algorithm can elect cluster heads based on local topology information and decide which cluster to join based on cost function with the location information, which makes the distribution of cluster heads more reasonable both on time and space. In the steady-state phase, Integrated the advantages of single-hop and multi-hop routing protocols, A hybrid communication mode that cluster heads alternate between single hop and multi-hop mode with certain probability is proposed, which balances the energy consumption of inner ring and outer ring.Via MATLAB to emulate. Simulation results show that the algorithm can provide better load-balancing of cluster heads and less protocol overhead. It improves the energy utilization rate among nodes and prolongs the network lifetime well.