Research Of Hierarchical Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

As the advances in the communications network, computer, MEMS and SoC technology,the further development of wireless sensor network was driven.The network concludes a large number of sensor nodes to process the information for being monitored area through self-organization collaboration in perception,and sent the messages to observers after the data fusion.Owing to its characteristics in flexible networking and dynamic sensing data changes,thus high research value and very broad application prospects attracted great attention around the world.As the LEACH protocol is the first hierarchical routing protocol for wireless sensor networks,its basic idea and design methods can be applied to the following various hierarchical routing protocols.Therefore,low energy adaptive clustering hierarchiy protocol (LEACH) was analyzed in this paper, then some defects for the protocol was further researched.For soluting these faults,the following aspects of the LEACH protocol are analyzed.At first,taking into account the random selection of the cluster heads,this paper uses the residual energy of the sensor nodes to select the cluster head.According to simulation,this method can save the whole network energy,and prolong the network lifetime effectively.However, there are still some shortcomings:after certain rounds the whole network still has a large number of high residual energy of sensors,but it will stick quickly.The reason for this is that the threshold is too low.Additionally, the threshold can be further adjusted by the network weighting cofficients. According to the simulation,we can find that the selection of the cluster heads using the residual energy of sensor nodes and the network weighting coefficients has better performance in the distribution of whole network energy, and can extend the network lifeime effectively.Secondly, taking into account the cluster head nodes in the network consume higher energy than ordinary sensor nodes,so the selection of the optimal number for cluster head nodes will be an important indicator for the whole network performance. This paper theoretically further gives the the optimal rules for the number of cluster head nodes selection basis of the study at home and abroad.Finally,a preliminary study for the wireless sensor networks is presented in this paper using the Chengdu Wireless Long C51RF-3-PK system based on the ZigBee protocol,mainly concluding the method of the contructing network, the hardware and software configuration for the whole sensor networks.In addition, as an example for the communication among multi-sensor nodes demonstrates the feasibility using this way, in order to observe the transmission data correctly,this paper gives a text file monitoring interface designed by VC++ software,and further verified the accuracy for wireless sensor networks using the ZigBee Protocol.