The Research On Energy-efficient Communication Technology In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks, integrating of sensor technology, communications technology and computer technology, is a self-organizing networks that contains a large number of sensor nodes , and set data collection, transmission and analysis in one. It has broad application prospects in environmental monitoring, medical monitoring, traffic management and military monitoring etc.Currently, routing protocols and data compression algorithm of wireless sensor network has been research hotspot, but the pre-existing routing protocol is not perfect in choice of the cluster head, cluster size constraints, and transmission distance etc, and pre-existing compression algorithms is far from ideal in data compression, therefore, there is need for further studies of effective, energy-efficient routing protocols and network data compression algorithms.This paper mainly studies routing protocols and data compression of the wireless sensor network. After summarizing wireless sensor networks routing protocols, this paper put forward with the multi-level cluster based ring routing protocol, and on this basis propose time-space data compressing method based on wavelet.Firstly, this paper summarizes the development of the wireless sensor networks, net composition, characteristics and characteristics of the streaming data. Describes the currently popular and representative routing protocols, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. Then, this paper introduces the wavelet theories and techniques, providing a theoretical basis.Secondly, in accordance with the feature of wireless sensor nodes and characteristics of wireless sensor networks, comparing to the existing routing protocol, this paper proposes a multi-level cluster based ring routing protocol (MCBR). MCBR takes into account the choice of cluster head, cluster size constraints, energy consumption of the node and transmission distance factors to build network structure. The purpose is to construct robust and balance-consumption sensor networks. Simulation results show that the method is effective in reducing the energy consumption of the node and the network lifetime is extended.Thirdly, according to the characteristics of streaming date, this paper proposes a distributed time-space data compression algorithm (DCMWT). DCMWT compresses data in time and space orientation, and uses quantization and coding to process the wavelet coefficients, then use the processed wavelet coefficients instead of raw data for transmission. In the transmission process, DCMWT algorithm uses counter to solve the problem about replication. Experimental results show DCMWT takes a small amount of energy in compressing data, but save a lot of data transmission energy consumption, and further extending the network lifetime.