Research And Application Of Cluster-Based Energy Saving Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network is a new and self-organized wireless network without complex infrastructure. With the development of microelectronics, sensor technology and telecommunication technology, wireless sensor networks develop rapidly, some successful application has been made in the military and civilian aspects. Because of its wide applications, wireless sensor networks have a bright future of development. Compared with traditional networks, sensor networks have the following features: A sensor network typically consists of a large number of nodes with a dense distribution. Each node is impossible to maintain global information. The nodes have very limited energy, storage space and computing ability. Wireless sensor networks usually work in high-risk regions and unable to get close, sensor nodes are likely to be battery powered, and it is often very difficult to change or recharge batteries for these nodes. Of these, energy efficiency for extending network lifetime is one of the most important topics. So it is important to study new routing protocols for wireless sensor networks to extend the lifetime of wireless sensor networks.A new cluster-based routing protocol (CESR) is proposed for energy-limited wireless sensor networks. In this protocol, the network is divided into overlapping clusters; each node only knows the node connectivity within its cluster and the cluster connectivity of the whole network. The global path is selected according to the cluster level topology. The node in the overlap region computes the local path and decides how to send the data to the next cluster. The algorithm tries to find the path with the minimum power consumption and can avoid the nodes with low energy. Finally, the performance of the two algorithms CESR and CMMBCR is showed by simulation. The storage and communication overhead of CESR algorithm is reduced. Particularly in the large and medium-sized sensor networks, the algorithm has obvious advantages in saving energy. At the same time, a new scheme of fire monitor system based on wireless sensor networks was proposed to overcome the weakness of the ones at present. All nodes in the system compose a large wireless sensor networks. The system realized the real-time monitor of the smog density and the temperature. The system has the following features: it is consisted by a large number of nodes with a dense distribution; each node has very limited energy, and seldom moves. So how to extend the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks becomes a key issue. Based on the analysis, CESR algorithm is suitable to the application requirements of the fire monitor system. According to the actual application, the realization of the algorithm is introduced and the performance is tested through practice.