Research Of Wireless Sensor Networks And Data Fusion Algorithm Based On Farmland Soil Information

In recent years, because of its excellent practicality and scalability, Wireless Sensor Networks (Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN) has become a novel technology in achieving much amazing development and attracting a worldwide attention, thereafter have been highly concerned about in the fields of academic study, industry and agriculture. The topic of this thesis is based on a sub-task of the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China"863"--farmland soil information collection and product research. This thesis will accomplish the following researching works:Hardware: We have preliminarily designed and debugged the operation of the hardware platform of Wireless Sensor Networks, including processor, memory, wireless transceiver, modules of sensor, as well as serial interface module of sink. ConsequentlySoftware: We have programmed the driver of wireless transceiver module. And targeting for both the designed requirements of wireless sensor networks'routing protocol and the environment of farmland, we have proposed a routing protocol to the collection of soil information: Firstly, we used LEACH algorithm to divide the sensors into several clusters; then, we made the heads of clusters send the soil information step by step through using the optimal routing path based on minimum hop.Data Fusion: On base of wireless communication protocol, we have not only combined the hierarchical structure of clustering with the one of neural networks, but also proposed a data fusion algorithm (NNDF algorithm) on account of the clustering routing protocol. And the specific steps of the NNDF algorithm processing are as follows: We use clustering routing algorithm to divide the sensors into several clusters, and each cluster is regarded as a three-perceptional neural network model, so the processing function of neurons is applied in both cluster head and cluster member to process the soil information collected by sensor. In this way only the final processed result can be transmitted to the sinks.We have done some experiments at Yong'an Town Kenli County, Shandong Province. The results, in the case of effective data, turned out that the algorithm can not only effectively reduce the amounts of transmitted data but save energy and extend the life cycle of the networks.