Research On Energy-balanced Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

At present, WSN(Wireless Sensor Networks) crossed by many subjects are the advanced research hotspot field in the international area. The number of sensor nodes in WSN is numerous and a single node is extraordinarily limited in resources, so the important aim of designing routing protocol of WSN is to reduce the overall energy dissipation in the networks and to maximize the lifetime of WSN.This thesis analyzes the LEACH routing protocol, and improves the cluster heads election algorithm. Based on awareness of the residual energy and the location of each node, the improved LEACH selects cluster heads according to their residual energy and distributes their cluster heads equally in WSN. The simulation results demonstrate that the improved algorithm is capable of distributing energy dissipation more effectively and enhancing the network lifetime compared with LEACH.Based on the improved algorithm of LEACH(Low-Energy Adaptive Cluster-based Hierarchy) and the study of existing routing protocols of WSN, this thesis proposes an energy balancing clustering protocol to solve the problem that energy consumption among sensor nodes is not balanced in WSN. The protocol divides the whole WSN into balanced grids, where cluster heads are elected, so cluster heads can uniformly be distributed in the whole networks. In EBCP, uneven clustering strategy is used to solve"hot zone"problem. At the same time, the dynamic change threshold of nodes energy is utilized. EBCP employs multi-hop routing strategy to transfer data to sink.At last, based on the analyzing of the principle and structure of NS2, EBCP is implemented in NS2. The simulation results demonstrate that EBCP is capable of distributing energy dissipation more effectively among the sensor nodes and achieves an improvement on the network lifetime compared with LEACH and HEED.