Research On The MAC Protocol Energy-efficient Algorithm Based On Clustering In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks consist of a large quantity of low-cost micro-sensor nodes that are deployed in the monitoring region,and the nodes form a multi-hop ad-hoc networks through the wireless communication mode.With the development of sensor technology,microelectronics systems,modern networking,and wireless communication technology,on the basis of small size,low cost,data collection, short-range wireless communications and data processing capability of sensor nodes, Wireless sensor networks in environmental monitoring,military,industrial control, medical and health and other fields have broad application prospects.Because of energy-constrained,energy-efficient is of primary importance to wireless sensor networks but not other networks.So how to reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks research in this field is a hot issue.In wireless sensor networks,MAC protocol(Medium Access Control,MAC) defines the use mode of wireless channel,which may have a great impact on the performance of sensor networks,and MAC protocol is one of the key network protocols of energy consumption.Experts found the a good cluster structure can improve the efficiency of MAC protocols,provide basis for data aggregation and many other aspects,reduce the overall energy consumption of wireless sensor networks,extend the survival time of networks.Therefore cluster structure can be used as a solution to reduce energy consumption of MAC protocol.After introducing some different MAC protocols in this thesis,and analyzing energy factors of MAC layer,such as overhearing,idle listening,collision conflict and excessive information of control.For the above reasons,this thesis purposes a cluster structure of energy-efficient MAC layer algorithm(MEAC),this algorithm aims to save energy of the MAC layer,and every aspect of cluster structure adopts corresponding strategy to reduce the energy consumption of MAC layer.MEAC algorithm used DCHS cluster-head selection to balance networks energy consumption,in a stable stage of networks,time slots are dynamically allocated to sensor nodes to avoid overhearing and idle listening issues,and the thesis introduces data weighting coefficient to increase the time slot length of sensitive data.Then, lossless aggregation strategy is used to handle the data that clustering nodes need to transmit,in order to reduce control information and other redundant data.Using NS2 simulation platform verify MEAC algorithm various parts,the result shows that MEAC algorithm reduces energy consumption,and reaches the goal of energy efficient.Finally,this thesis gives a summary and prospect that the works have been carried out and to be carried out in the future.