The Embedded System Design Based On ARM+FPGA And Application On Instruments

At present,with the instrument performance index requesting gradual promotion as well as the function increasing development,the measuring instruments in variety of trades and occupations request more and more performance in control system real-time and integrated degree.The current trend is the development of open, integrated chips to move closer to the high level of real-time equipment.As the function is simply in the present traditional system design,the speed is slow, timeliness is bad,which extremely limit the data retreatment handling ability and so on the questions,this article needs to propose a embedded system plan of high speed real-time data collecting based on the ARM+FPGA architecture,which used in low-power semiconductor measuring insruments.Subject of this article uses Samsung S3C2410,the ARM processor to carry on management control,process the data,and demonstrate the surface;Altera Corporation's Cyclone series of devices 1C12 FPGA used for high-speed data acquisition,improved real-time system and the degree of integration.This article gives the general design of ARM&FPGA at first,in the aspect of hardware,briefly discussed the ARM processor features and advantages,FPGA's advantages in high-speed acquisition and parallel,given the overall structure of the hardware and major components and interfaces.given the overall structure of the hardware and major components and interfaces. On software,studied the building of embedded system based on embedded Linux and the start of BootLoader,as well as the kernel and root file system structure,built for embedded Linux system,including the establishment of a cross-development environment,modified and transplanted BootLoader,reduced Linux kernel and,in accordance with the actual subject of the need to streamline the establishment of the root file system.In order to meet the real-time measurement equipment,designed the high-speed data acquisition interface of FPGA and ARM.And then proceed to the internal FPGA and ARM-related part of the interface hardware circuit design,design of the high-speed real-time data acquisition interface between FPGA and ARM,by analyzing the timing of the internal difference between ARM and FPGA,faced the problem of inharmonious sequence for ARM and FPGA inside FIFO,has solved the problem which in the measuring equipment high speed data gathering and the processing speed do not match..Then,through the study of the basic principles of Linux device driver and the driver of the development process,the data acquisition driver under Linux was designed,and the interruption of transmission was realized. Through the efficient and reliable driver,the FPGA chip can communicates with ARM well.Finally,in order to the user-friendly operation,carried out human-computer interaction design.For reducing costs and improve the practical use of the FPGA chip extra resources for the PS/2 keyboard and mouse interface control,applied to the system,greatly enhanced the ability of human-computer interaction.and then by comparing and analyzing the current more popular of several embedded GUI tools for graphic design strengths and weaknesses,combined with the actual situation of the subject,MiniGUI was chosen as the subject of the development of the graphical interface,according to the specific requirements,used human-computer Interface in proper for measuring instruments and,transplanted to the ARM platform,provided a better interactive operation to measuring equipment's use.This topic has completed the embedded Linux development environment establishment,transplanted bootloader in view of the topic actual hardware circuit design revision,reduced and transplanted the kernel as well as the root file system's establishment;Has designed the FPGA interior hardware circuit,has solved the problem which in the connection ARM and the FPGA succession does not match,has realized high speed data gathering between ARM and the FPGA;Has designed the high speed interface driver under embedded Linux as well as the interrupt transmission and the application procedure;Designed reasonably has suited the man-machine interaction contact surface which the metering equipment used,and has designed the PS/2 keyboard and mouse interface ingeniously,further enhanced alternate operation.