Research And Implement Of Laser Cutting And Focusing Technology

Laser cutting is technology using a spot with high power and density formed by focused laser beam. During the carving or cutting the material is heated rapidly to the vaporization temperature, and wipes off by assistant air, then make the beam or material moving and gain the pattern or narrow kerf. As the power density is inversely proportional to the square of the diameter of the laser beam and the diameter of focus is the smallest, therefore the power density is the highest. In order to obtain high-quality kerf, it is necessary to assure the accurate location of the focus. The study of the focusing system of Laser carving and cutting machine has great realistic significance to improve the process accuracy and the process quality of the machine.This paper analyses the structure of laser optical system and the function of focusing system. Against the shortcomings that the existing focusing system of CLS2000 laser carving and cutting machine could not determine the location of the focus accurately, a geometrical optics system contains an auto collimating telescope was raised and designed. Solidworks software is used to design the mechanical structure of the focusing device, and 3D modeling was achieved and parts drawings were developed. The production, assembly and debugging of the actual device has completed.The focusing device is installed into the optical system and forms a new focusing system, the feasibility was proved by experiments. And the accuracy by using this focusing system and other common methods to detect the position of the focus was compared.The effect of technical parameters (mainly including laser current, cutting speed, focus position) on the quality of laser cutting PMMA was studied. The changing range of the technical parameters to access high-quality product was gained, it can provid technological guidance for the real production.