A Routing Protocol Based On Geographical Location Information For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network(WSN) is a new and hot research area,which is highly interdisciplinary and can be widely used for civil and military applications,for monitoring, sensing, collecting and processing information of interested objects.At the same time , Research of wireless sensor network will propose many new challenges to network researchers.The design of routing protocol in wireless sensor network is the main part of this paper.In traditional wireless network, the main purpose of network protocol design is to provide high Qos and efficient utilization of bandwidth,but the first priority task for routing protocol design in wireless sensor network is to increase the energy efficiency of sensor nodes and prolong lifetime of the whole network because of the limited energy,communication and computation capability of sensor nodes. Based on the research of wireless sensor network,we propose HexCRP—Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Virtual Hexagon-grid.In this paper, we first introduced the basic network structure of wireless sensor network and some key technology,then we discussed some standard routing protocols.The principles and design of HexCRP are elaborated as the main part of this paper.HexCRP is a clustering routing protocol based on location imformation.Moreover it's energy efficient. In HexCRP,we divides the whole area into a set of "virtual hexagon grids",the hexagon grid is called cluster.The nodes in the same cluster is equivalent on routing function.To every cluster,we just keep one node in active state,which node play an role in sensing and tranmitting data to Sink node,and the other nodes come into sleep state. HexCRP incorporates node states transition mechanism into the routing protocol to reduce unnecessary retransmission and receiving and prolong the life of network. The improvement on selection of cluster head consider the remaining power,power consumption in transmission of candidate cluster heads,and average power in cluster. According to the new algorithm,HexCRP can balance network energy consumption. Simulation on Glomosim platform demonstrates that the HexCPR enables the whole network has long lifetime on the low power level and has comparatively good power optimum property.